中国海相碳酸盐岩勘探领域拓展历程及沉积学的基本驱动作用

发布时间：2018-05-09 19:57

本文选题：碳酸盐岩勘探 + 岩溶储层　；参考：《沉积学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：回顾中国碳酸盐岩油气勘探领域的拓展历程,共经历了三个阶段:第一阶段,上世纪中后期以靖边气田等为代表的找构造高部位的岩溶型油气藏阶段;第二阶段,2000年以来以普光气田等为代表的台地边缘礁滩油气藏拓展阶段;第三阶段,2010年以来克拉通内幕白云岩油气藏新拓展阶段。沉积学的三种基本的水动力储层宏观成因模式是三大碳酸盐岩勘探领域拓展的基本驱动因素:早期勘探阶段的构造高部位岩溶储层宏观分布受控于隆起暴露期的大气水岩溶作用,台缘礁滩储层的宏观分布受控于镶边台地边缘持续的波浪作用,内幕白云岩储层的宏观分布则受控于潮汐作用。大气水岩溶模式的古水文地质系统除了作用于不整合面附近的隆起区,构造低部位和被断裂沟通的远离不整合面地区也能够发育岩溶储层,值得注意的是短暂暴露的准同生岩溶是未来重要勘探方向。浪控台缘礁滩模式具有"盆包台"、"台包盆"、"盆切台"等多种台缘结构模式,它们的储层宏观分布都处于波浪作用的高能礁滩带上,都基本符合威尔逊碳酸盐岩台地模式,只是不同地区的台地边缘具有不同的复杂形状而已,识别深部隐伏裂陷及其周缘礁滩相带是该领域勘探的难点。潮控陆表海台地潮坪模式指导了碳酸盐岩勘探向克拉通内幕白云岩的拓展,该类白云岩储层呈大面积薄互层席状产出,其宏观分布具有进积潮坪楔和潮坪岛拼嵌两种样式,是一个重要的勘探新领域。
[Abstract]:In retrospect, the development of China's carbonate oil and gas exploration has undergone three stages: the first stage, in the middle and late last century, the Jingbian gas field was used as the representative to find the karst reservoir in the high position, and the second stage, since 2000, the oil and gas reservoir development stage on the platform edge, represented by the Puguang gas field, and the third stage, The new development stage of the craton interior dolomite oil and gas reservoir since 2010. The three basic macrogenesis models of the sedimentology are the basic driving factors for the expansion of the three major carbonate exploration fields: the macro distribution of the karst reservoir in the early exploration stage is controlled by the atmospheric water rock solubility in the uplift exposure period, and the platform margin The macro distribution of the reef reservoir is controlled by the continuous wave action on the edge of the edge of the platform, and the macro distribution of the internal dolomite reservoir is controlled by the tidal action. It is worth noting that briefly exposed quasi syngenetic karst is an important exploration direction in the future. The model of the reef Bank of the surf control platform has a variety of platform patterns, such as "basin package platform", "basin basin", "basin cutting platform" and so on. The macro distribution of their reservoirs is in the high energy reef zone of wave work, which are basically consistent with the Wilson carbonate rock platform. It is only the complex shape of the platform edge of the different regions, and the identification of deep hidden rifting and its surrounding reef and beach facies is the difficult point in this field. The tidal controlled land table tidal flat model guides the expansion of the carbonate exploration into the craton dolomite, and the dolomite reservoir is large and thin interbedded. The macro distribution of output has two styles: tidal wedge and tidal flat Island, and is an important exploration area.

【作者单位】：油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室(成都理工大学);成都理工大学沉积地质研究院;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05024-003-010) 国家自然科学基金项目(41672102,41602118) 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目(PLC201605)~~
【分类号】：P588.245;P618.13

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