和什托洛盖盆地布龙果尔地区泥盆系油砂地质特征及成藏模式

发布时间：2018-05-10 23:32

本文选题：和什托洛盖盆地 + 布龙果尔凹陷　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界范围内对能源需求量的不断上涨，常规油资源已经无法满足需求，而油砂等非常规油气则成为填补能源缺口的重要部分。中国具有丰富的油砂资源，但整体勘探程度较低。本文以和什托洛盖盆地布龙果尔地区，一直处于勘探空白期的泥盆系油砂为研究对象，结合野外踏勘及和砂1井钻井资料所取得的认识，对布龙果尔地区油砂地质特征、成藏条件及模式进行了研究。布龙果尔油砂矿作为北疆地区首个泥盆系油气藏，对推动研究区油砂勘探与开发具有重要意义。油砂的定义至少有两种：一种是油和砂的混合物，第二种是特指该种混合物的原油。当表示第二种定义的时候，油砂和沥青砂为等同的。布龙果尔地区油砂在野外露头中主要表现为储层沥青及裂缝中充填沥青脉。通过野外踏勘，结合钻井资料，确定泥盆系呼吉尔斯特组碎屑岩层为沥青（油）砂主要储层，储集空间包括原生孔隙、次生孔隙和裂缝孔三种典型孔隙类型。其上部流纹岩为次要储层，储集空间类型有溶蚀孔隙和裂缝孔隙。布龙果尔地区沥青（油）砂矿成藏条件：（1）盆地内石油地质背景有利于沥青砂矿的形成；（2）储层中裂缝、孔隙极其发育且相互配合，形成油气运移优势通道。（3）背斜高部位和圈闭是沥青砂矿形成的有利场所。布龙果尔地区古油藏存在两期成藏过程，沥青（油）砂矿为抬升改造型成藏模式。（一）早-中侏罗世，此时泥盆系呼吉尔斯特组煤和泥质烃源岩达到排烃门限，经历生、排烃过程，并沿着区域构造活动下形成的大量裂隙运移至背斜高部位砂岩储集层聚集成藏；（二）早白垩世，在区域构造作用下，布龙果尔凹陷发育大量逆冲断层。八道湾组泥质烃源岩达到排烃门限，排烃沿断层运移到顶部圈闭中，形成油气藏。中-晚侏罗世至白垩世，古油藏不断抬升，，导致油藏圈闭遭到破坏。直至抬升到地表后，油气经过氧化、水洗、生物降解作用最终变为固体沥青充填在储层及裂缝内。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for energy in the world, conventional oil resources can not meet the demand, and oil sands and other unconventional oil and gas have become an important part of filling the energy gap. China has abundant oil sand resources, but the overall exploration level is low. In this paper, taking the Devonian oil sand, which has been in the blank stage of exploration, as the research object, and combining the understanding obtained from the field exploration and the drilling data of well No. 1, the geological characteristics of the oil sand in the Bronggoer area are discussed. The conditions and models of reservoir formation were studied. As the first Devonian oil and gas reservoir in northern Xinjiang, the Buronggoer oil placer is of great significance to promote the exploration and development of oil sands in the research area. Oil sands are defined in at least two ways: one is a mixture of oil and sand, and the second is crude oil that specifically refers to that mixture. Oil sands and tar sands are equivalent when the second definition is expressed. Oil sands in Bronggoer area are mainly composed of reservoir asphalt and bituminous veins filled in fractures in field outcrops. Through field exploration and drilling data, the clastic rock of Hujierst formation of Devonian system is determined to be the main reservoir of asphalt (oil) sand. The reservoir space includes three typical pore types: primary pore, secondary pore and fracture pore. The upper rhyolite is a secondary reservoir, and the reservoir space types are corrosion pore and fracture pore. The petroleum geological background in the petroleum geological background of the petroleum geological background in the petroleum basin is conducive to the formation of cracks in the tar sands reservoir, and the pores are extremely developed and cooperate with each other, and the petroleum geological background is favorable to the formation of the asphalt (oil) placer reservoirs in the Brongguor area. The high position and trap of anticline are favorable places for the formation of tar sands. There are two stages of reservoir formation process in the Paleoreservoir of Bronggoer area. The asphalt (oil) placer is uplift and reformed reservoir forming model. (1) in the Early-Middle Jurassic, when the coal and muddy source rocks of the Hujierst formation of the Devonian system reached the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold and experienced the process of generating and expelling hydrocarbon, And a large number of fissures formed along the regional tectonic activity migrated to the sandstone reservoir at the high part of the anticline to form reservoir (2) early Cretaceous. Under the action of regional tectonics, a large number of thrust faults were developed in Bronggoer sag. The muddy source rocks of Badaowan formation reach the threshold of hydrocarbon expulsion, and hydrocarbon expulsion moves along the fault to the top trap to form oil and gas reservoirs. From the middle to late Jurassic to the Cretaceous, the paleoreservoir was uplifted continuously, resulting in the destruction of the reservoir trap. After uplifting to the surface, the oil and gas are oxidized, washed and biodegraded into solid asphalt filling in the reservoir and fracture.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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