石河子市地下水环境演化与水文地球化学模拟

发布时间：2018-05-15 07:37

  本文选题：石河子市 + 地下水质量　； 参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：石河子市地处准噶尔盆地南缘、天山北麓中段,面积为460km2(其中平原区面积377.35km2),隶属于温带大陆性干旱气候,是天山北坡的经济中心之一。由于地表水资源短缺,石河子市是一个以地下水水源地供水为主的城市,近年来,随着不断加剧的人类活动,地下水环境的恶化也不断加剧,水资源供需矛盾日益凸显,水资源短缺已成为石河子市发展的关键问题。对该市地下水化学特征与演化机理、地下水质量与污染状况以及地下水环境的脆弱性进行研究分析对石河子市地下水可持续利用和地下水环境保护有着长远意义。本文依据31组水样(潜水水样18组,承压水水样10组,地表水样3组)的水化学分析结果,采用模糊数学、水化学图解法及水文地球化学模拟等方法,结合研究区的水文地质条件,从不同角度分析石河子市地下水的水化学特征以及水文地球化学过程。主要研究成果和结论如下:(1)研究区潜水溶解性总固体(TDS)和总硬度空间变异性较大,潜水中有微咸水、咸水和硬水、极硬水分布,水化学类型主要为HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na型和SO4·HCO3-Ca型;承压水TDS和总硬度相对稳定,均表现为淡水和低硬度水,水化学类型主要为HCO3-Ca·Na型和HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na型。(2)地下水质量评价结果为:石河子市潜水采样点共有18个,其中属于Ⅳ类水的采样点3个,属于Ⅴ类水的采样点3个,共计占潜水采样点总数的33.4%;石河子市承压水质量较好,共有10个采样点,均达到Ⅲ类水标准。地下水污染评价结果为:石河子市潜水水质已普遍受到污染,属于未污染的采样点1个,轻微污染的采样点有5个,中度污染的采样点11个,严重污染的采样点1个,分别占采样点总数的5.6%、27.8%、61.0%和5.6%;承压水属于未污染的采样点有6个,轻微污染的采样点有4个,分别占承压水采样点的60.0%和40.0%。(3)对8组地下水水样进行了有机污染物测试,检测的37项有机物均未检出。(4)研究区典型剖面水文地球化学模拟结果显示:控制地下水化学成分的主控性矿物包括方解石、石膏、白云石和CO2,主要水文地球化学作用为Ca2+/Na+的交换作用。(5)采用VLDA模型对石河子市平原区潜水脆弱性进行评价,评价结果表明:低脆弱性、中等脆弱性和高脆弱性(脆弱性指数分别为3.0~4.0、4.0~5.0和5.0~6.0)的区域分别占评价区总面积的3.1%、34.0%和62.9%。脆弱性相对较高的区域分布在清泉集、工二连以北和312国道以南。
[Abstract]:Shihezi City is located in the southern margin of Junggar Basin and the middle section of the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain with an area of 460km2 (among which the plain area is 377.35km2) which belongs to the temperate continental arid climate and is one of the economic centers of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain. Due to the shortage of surface water resources, Shihezi City is a city that mainly supplies water from groundwater sources. In recent years, with the increasing human activities, the deterioration of groundwater environment has been intensified, and the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become increasingly prominent. The shortage of water resources has become the key problem of Shihezi city's development. The chemical characteristics and evolution mechanism of groundwater, the quality and pollution of groundwater, and the vulnerability of groundwater environment in Shihezi City are of long-term significance for the sustainable utilization of groundwater and the protection of groundwater environment in Shihezi City. Based on the results of hydrochemical analysis of 31 groups of water samples (18 submersible water samples, 10 confined water samples and 3 surface water samples), the methods of fuzzy mathematics, hydrochemical diagram and hydrogeochemical simulation are used in this paper. According to the hydrogeological conditions in the study area, the hydrochemical characteristics and hydrogeochemical process of groundwater in Shihezi City are analyzed from different angles. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) in the study area, the spatial variability of dissolved total solids (TDs) and total hardness (TDs) and total hardness of phreatic water are higher. There are brackish water, brackish water and hard water in diving. The distribution of very hard water is very hard water. The main hydrochemical types are HCO3 SO4-Ca Na type and SO4 HCO3-Ca type. The TDS and total hardness of confined water are relatively stable, both of them are fresh water and low hardness water. The main types of hydrochemistry are HCO3-Ca Na and HCO3 SO4-Ca Na.) the results of groundwater quality evaluation are as follows: there are 18 phreatic sampling sites in Shihezi City. Among them, there are 3 sampling points of class 鈪，

本文编号：1891574