乐山市沙湾区地下水资源现状及开发风险评价

发布时间：2018-05-18 06:10

本文选题：乐山市沙湾区 + 地下水资源现状　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：沙湾区位于乐山市中偏北部,是乐山的工业重地,原有沫江煤矿,现有德胜集团、西南不锈钢厂,都属于高污水企业,地下水污染已经成为沙湾区不可忽视的问题。沙湾区随着社会经济的高速发展、人口城镇化比例提高、城区建设及重工业投资等一系列发展,使得地下水资源问题不断恶化。如何加强水资源保护,实时监控地下水污染,并做到合理开发利用地下水资源,保障地下水的可持续开发利用,已成为一项迫在眉睫的任务。本文以沙湾区地下水开发利用风险评价作为主要研究内容,以水资源现状为研究基础,通过查阅国内外文献及相关调查报告,整理分析了沙湾区自然地理概况、地质背景、水文地质条件、水资源量及水质评价,以所得结果作为地下水开发风险评价的依据,并综合考虑自然状况、开发利用现状、社会经济状况,运用突变理论评价法对沙湾区地下水开发风险做出评价,并针对分析结果进行改进,对沙湾区地下水开发利用风险进行突出指标的单项分析及综合评价分析。本文主要研究成果如下:(1)对沙湾区的自然地理、地质背景、水文地质条件进行的详细的阐述,沙湾区属热带季风湿润气候区,大渡河流域南北向横穿沙湾区,地势由西南向东北不断降低,出露地层较全,除泥盆系、石炭系、志留系缺失外,从上元古界震旦系至第四系的松散地层均有出露。地下水按富水性质、地层岩性、地质构造及水力特征,将地下水划分为三大类:松散岩类孔隙水、基岩裂隙水和碳酸盐岩类裂隙岩溶水。地下水化学类型以HCO3-Ca、HCO3-Ca.Mg为主。(2)对本次评价指标所需的水文地质参数进行确定,并根据相关数据进行计算。地下水天然资源补给总量7840.20×104m3,地下水可开采资源量为4449.73×104m3。水质方面,根据《地下水质量标准GB/T14848-93》,对主要污染指标进行了分析,所取51个样品,用修正内梅罗指数法得出有9个为重度污染指标,主要超标项为铁、锰、硫酸盐、溶解性总固体及总硬度,其中以硫酸盐超标最为突出。(3)介绍了地下水开发风险评价的概念、评价内容及常用方法。详细论述了指标体系的建立及结构,并详细介绍了突变理论的基本原理及评价模型,以乐山市沙湾区为实例,逐步按照评价步骤对该地区地下水开发风险进行评价。并用改进突变理论对分析结果进行处理,选取了自然状况、开发利用现状、社会经济状况三个指标群及15个评价指标。然后对所得数据进行归一化处理,再通过七种基本模型逐层进行计算,最后得到总目标层评价值。计算过程无需任何主观权重,结果较为客观(4)根据沙湾区地形地貌特征及地下水富水性特征,将13个行政区域划分为8个评价区域,总体来看,沙湾区地下水开发的风险值在0.19222～0.4788之间,均属于微轻险,个评价区域风险大小如下:Ⅰ-1(0.1922),Ⅰ-2(0.1934),Ⅱ-1(0.3291),Ⅱ-2 ( 0.4034), Ⅱ-3 (0.3823), Ⅲ-1 (0.4788), Ⅲ-2 (0.3777), Ⅲ-3 (0.2309)。Ⅲ-1 Ⅱ-2) Ⅱ-3 Ⅲ-2 Ⅱ-1)Ⅲ-3 Ⅰ-1 Ⅰ-2。
[Abstract]:Sha Wan District, located in the north of Leshan, is a heavy industrial area in Leshan. The original Mo Jiang coal mine, the existing Desheng group and the southwest stainless steel plant are all high sewage enterprises. The groundwater pollution has become a problem that can not be ignored in the Shawan area. With the rapid development of the social economy, the proportion of the population urbanization, the urban construction and the heavy industry in the Sha Wan district. A series of development, such as investment, has made the problem of groundwater resources worsening. How to strengthen the protection of water resources, monitor the pollution of groundwater in real time, and make rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources and ensure the sustainable exploitation and utilization of groundwater has become an urgent task. This article takes the evaluation of the exploitation and utilization of groundwater in Shawan area as a critical task. The main research content, taking the water resources status as the research foundation, through consulting the domestic and foreign literature and related investigation report, collates and analyzes the natural geography, geological background, hydrogeological conditions, water resources and water quality evaluation in Shawan area, taking the results as the basis for the evaluation of the groundwater development risk, and comprehensively considering the natural condition, and developing the development of the water resources. Using the present situation, the social and economic situation, using the catastrophe theory evaluation method to evaluate the groundwater development risk in Shawan District, and to improve the analysis results, the single item analysis and comprehensive evaluation analysis of the groundwater exploitation and utilization risk in Shawan area are carried out. The main research results are as follows: (1) the natural geography of Shawan District The Sandy Bay area belongs to the humid climate zone of the tropical monsoon, and the Dadu River Basin runs across the Shawan area from the South West to the northeast, and the outcropping strata are complete. Except the Devonian, Carboniferous and Silurian, the loose strata from the Upper Proterozoic Sinian to the quaternary system have been exposed. Water is divided into three major categories: loose rock pore water, bedrock fissure water and carbonate rock fissure karst water. Groundwater chemical types are mainly HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Ca.Mg. (2) the hydrogeological parameters required for this evaluation index are determined, and the related data are based on the related data. The total recharge of natural resources of groundwater is 7840.20 * 104m3, and the amount of groundwater resources is 4449.73 x 104m3.. According to the quality standard GB/T14848-93> of the groundwater, the main pollution indexes are analyzed. 51 samples are taken, and 9 of the serious pollution indexes are obtained by the modified Nemero index method. The main super standard is iron. Manganese, sulphate, total dissolved solids and total hardness, among which sulfate is the most outstanding. (3) the concept of risk assessment for groundwater development, evaluation content and common methods are introduced. The establishment and structure of the index system are discussed in detail, and the basic principle and evaluation model of the catastrophe theory are introduced in detail, taking Shawan District of Leshan as an example. The risk of groundwater development in this area is evaluated according to the evaluation step by step, and the analysis results are processed with the improved catastrophe theory. The natural condition, the development and utilization status, the social and economic status three index groups and the 15 evaluation indexes are selected. Then the data are treated in one way, and then the seven basic models are carried out by layer by layer. The calculation process finally obtains the evaluation value of the total target layer. The calculation process does not need any subjective weight, the result is more objective (4) according to the features of topography and geomorphology of Shawan area and the characteristics of water rich in underground water, the 13 administrative regions are divided into 8 evaluation regions. In general, the risk value of groundwater opening in Shawan area is between 0.19222 and 0.4788, all of which belong to the micro light insurance. The size of a regional risk assessment is as follows: I -1 (0.1922), I -2 (0.1934), II -1 (0.3291), II -2 (0.4034), II -3 (0.3823), III -1 (0.4788), III -2 (0.3777), III -3 (0.2309), III -1 II -2) II -3 III -2 II -2
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.8

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