基于XRF法的甘肃大水金矿隐伏矿预测研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 07:54

本文选题：大水金矿 + XRF　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：X射线荧光光谱(X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, XRF)法是核地球物理学和核技术应用的重要组成部分,其分析方法是利用放射性同位素源或X射线光管发出的射线照射被测物质,使被测物质受激后发出特征X射线(即X荧光),再通过测量X荧光的能量和照射量率进行定性和定量分析来确定被测物质中待测元素种类和含量的一种物理分析技术。XRF法作为常规分析手段开始于20世纪50年代初,经过数十年的发展,该法已成为地球化学样品分析中应用最为广泛的分析手段之一。XRF分析技术在众多的现代仪器分析中是十分引人注目的,具有多元素同时测定、灵敏度高、检出限低、重现性和精密度好、试样制备简单、分析速度快、成本低等优点,已经广泛应用于地质、冶金、化工等领域以及各类分析化学研究实验室,尤其XRF法在地质矿产勘查方面得到了推广应用,具体表现为：XRF法在地质矿产部、冶金工业部、中国人民武装警察黄金指挥部等部门得到了广泛应用,并在勘查金、银、铜、锡、铅锌矿等矿床方面取得了很大成就。甘肃玛曲大水金矿自20世纪90年代发现后已开采利用20多年,现被列入危机矿山行列,其外围隐伏矿的寻找已迫在眉捷。本次大水金矿研究区覆盖层较厚,基岩露头少,地质现象不明显,要在该区域寻找矿化异常现象,土壤地球化学测量成为必然的选择。然而土壤样品的测量方法至关重要,测量数据的准确性关系着找矿效果的成败。鉴于XRF分析技术在测定地质样品方面的独特优势,本次土壤样品的测试选择XRF法。本次研究中,首先建立了波长色散X射线荧光光谱法(WDXRF)的工作曲线,对土壤样品进行测试；其次,对地球化学数据做了多元统计分析,探讨了Au元素与其它元素之间的关系；最后,采用传统统计方法和分形方法分别对数据进行处理,求取异常下限,运用MAPGIS、Surfer专业制图软件绘制地球化学异常图和综合评价图,并结合矿区地质特征圈定了找矿靶区。经过以上研究,得出以下结论：(1)本研究中,在波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪中建立工作曲线,该曲线检出限低、精密度高、准确性好,测量结果满意。(2)通过相关性分析、聚类分析和因子分析可知,Au的成矿具独立性的特点,Au与Ag、As、Co、W元素相关性较好；聚类分析中,Au、Ag、Co、W为一类,与相关性结论一致,反应了中低温矿化组合；Ag、Co、W与Au密切共生,与成矿作用关系较大,可作为Au富集的直接指示元素。通过因子分析,明确了Au的富集是多期次叠加的结果,且受构造控制。(3)传统方法与分形法分别处理数据,从两种方法的结果看,分形法确定的异常下限普遍比传统方法求得的异常下限值低,这说明分形法在提取弱异常方面具有优势。(4)通过制作单元素异常对比图,发现两种方法下Au、Ag、Co、Cu、W元素在相同的位置都有异常,验证了分形法的有效性。Ag、Co、W是与Au密切共生的元素,因此,Ag、Co、W异常区是Au富集成矿的有利地区。(5)通过制作综合异常图,结合工作区内的地质构造特征,圈出三个找矿靶区。其中,工作区北部出现了一处较大规模的异常,具体分布在B线勘探线的中部和后部及D线的中后部；中部异常区规模也较大,呈南北向串珠状分布,具体分布在E线的前部,F线的中部及G、H线的后部；工作区南部的第三处异常呈独立状产出,具体分布在L勘探线的中偏后部。(6)通过对大水金矿工作区的综合研究,表明该区成矿潜力大,可对本文所圈定的异常区进行适当的工程验证,指导进一步找矿工作。
[Abstract]:X ray fluorescence spectroscopy (X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, XRF) is an important part of nuclear geophysics and nuclear technology. Its analysis method is to irradiate the measured material by radioactive isotope source or X ray tube, so that the characteristic X rays (X fluorescence) are emitted after the material is stimulated, and then the X fluorescence is measured. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the energy and the rate of radiation to determine the type and content of the elements to be measured in the measured material, a physical analysis technique.XRF, as a conventional means of analysis, began in the early 1950s. After decades of development, the method has become one of the most widely used analysis means in the geochemical sample analysis,.XRF. It has been widely used in geological, metallurgical, chemical and chemical research laboratories, especially XRF. It has many advantages, such as multi element simultaneous determination, high sensitivity, low detection limit, good reproducibility and precision, simple preparation, fast analysis, low cost and so on. The method has been popularized and applied in geological and mineral exploration. The XRF method has been widely used in the Ministry of Geology and mineral resources, the Ministry of metallurgical industry and the gold command of the Chinese people's armed police, and has made great achievements in the exploration of gold, silver, copper, tin, lead and zinc ore deposits. The Maqu Da Shui gold mine, Gansu, since 1990s After discovery and utilization for more than 20 years, it is now included in the ranks of the crisis mines. The exploration of the outer enclosed hidden ore has been forced to be in the face of eyebrow. The cover layer of the research area of the great water gold mine is thick, the rock outcrop is few and the geological phenomenon is not obvious. The measurement method is very important. The accuracy of the measurement data is related to the success or failure of the prospecting effect. In view of the unique advantages of the XRF analysis technology in the measurement of geological samples, the test of the soil sample is selected by the XRF method. In this study, the working curve of the wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF) was first established, and the soil samples were tested; Secondly, the multivariate statistical analysis of geochemical data is made, and the relationship between Au elements and other elements is discussed. Finally, the traditional statistical methods and fractal methods are used to deal with the data, and the abnormal lower limits are obtained. MAPGIS and Surfer professional cartography software are used to draw the geochemical anomaly map and comprehensive evaluation map of the ground ball, and the mining area is combined with the mining area. The qualitative characteristics are delineated for the target prospecting target area. Through the above study, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) in this study, the working curve is established in the wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometer. The curve detection limit is low, the precision is high, the accuracy is good, and the results are satisfactory. (2) through correlation analysis, cluster analysis and factor analysis, it is known that the mineralization of the Au is independent. Characteristics, Au has good correlation with Ag, As, Co, and W elements. In cluster analysis, Au, Ag, Co, W are a class, which are consistent with the correlation conclusion, and reflect the combination of middle and low temperature mineralization, Ag, Co, W is closely related to the mineralization, and can be used as direct indicator element for the enrichment. (3) the traditional method and fractal method respectively deal with the data. From the results of the two methods, the abnormity lower limit determined by the fractal method is generally lower than that of the conventional method. It shows that the fractal method has the advantage in extracting the weak anomaly. (4) by making the single element anomaly contrast diagram, the two methods are found to be Au, Ag, Co, Cu. W elements have abnormality in the same location, which verifies the validity of the fractal method.Ag, Co, and W are the elements closely associated with Au. Therefore, Ag, Co, W abnormal areas are the favorable areas of Au rich integration. (5) by making comprehensive anomaly maps and combining with the geological structural features in the working area, three prospecting targets are circled. The large scale anomalies are specifically distributed in the middle and back parts of the B line exploration line and the middle and back parts of the D line, and the central anomaly area is also large in size, and is distributed in the north and south of the string. It is distributed in the front of the E line, the middle of the F line and the rear of the G and H line, and the third anomalies in the southern part of the working area are independently produced, and are concretely distributed after the middle partial deviation of the L exploration line. (6) through a comprehensive study of the working area of Da Shui gold mine, it is shown that the potential of the area is large, and it can be verified by proper engineering and guide the further prospecting work.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.51;P631.6

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