矿业权管理中政府的职能定位与改革思路研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 05:49

本文选题：矿业权 + 政府管理　；参考：《山东财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿产资源不可再生,其开发利用关乎国计民生,对国家长远发展有着战略性重大意义。我国矿政管理的核心内容是矿业权管理,矿业权管理即探矿权、采矿权管理,是政府相应的管理部门对矿产资源所有权和收益的管控,维护矿业权的公平公正。矿业权管理领域的法律依据是1986年制定、1996年修订后实施的《矿产资源法》,随后在矿业权登记、开采、转让等方面的相关管理规定及通知办法陆续出台,矿业权管理才进一步得到了规范。矿业权管理的主体是各级政府部门,其地位关键、作用举足轻重。科学合理地定位政府管理职能,直接影响着矿业权行政管理的效能,决定着执行有关政策的到位程度,并进一步关系到对矿产资源的合理利用及保护,实现可持续发展问题。然而,矿业权管理的实践表明,现实中仍然有一些制约矿业权流转和矿业发展进步的问题不同程度地存在着。该项研究从实证的角度出发,以矿产资源相对丰富的A省为例,从地方层面入手分析我国政府矿业权管理现状和存在的问题。主要归纳出以下几个方面的问题:矿业权管理主体混淆、政府职责的定位不科学以及与其他组织关系的处理不规范。研究发现,政府管理理念滞后、法律制度不完善、矿产资源管理体制机制不合理,是造成我国政府矿业权管理产生诸多问题的深层次原因。为了使政府矿业权管理的职能定位更加科学合理,本文对此进行了系统的分析,提出在遵循以矿业大局为出发点、理顺各级权责义务、协调维护各部门关系的原则下,构建起职能定位的基本框架。这个框架包括对创新定位管理理念、优化政府内部权责关系、理顺政府与非政府的关系以及建立保障机制的整体构想。研究认为,未来的政府矿业权管理改革,应从我国矿业经济发展国情出发,建议在管理方式上实行分级分类管理。分级管理就是在基本格局不变的前提下推行的分级授权管理模式,国土资源部下放除了战略性矿产资源以外的其他矿产的审批权至各级地方政府,并根据实际执行情况定期调整授权;分类管理就是根据矿产资源勘查开发的作用差异性采取不同管理政策,鼓励勘查,科学开发,突出优势,避免浪费。本文还提出了四个方面的完善措施:一是向服务型政府转变。转变政府的矿业权管理理念,合理划分各级政府权责,改革矿业权管理体制;二是加强政府的公共服务职能建设。充分发挥调节调控作用,完善监督管理机制,做好规划调控和公共服务,完善沟通与信息公开机制;三是理顺政府与其他组织的关系。促进政企分开、政事分开、政资分开,规范矿业权管理中介组织。只有这样,才能确保矿产资源合理开发利用,保证国民经济健康可持续发展,实现建设服务型政府的执政理念。
[Abstract]:Mineral resources are not renewable, its development and utilization is of great strategic significance to the national economy and people's livelihood. The core content of mining administration in China is the management of mining rights, which is the management of prospecting rights and mining rights, which is the control of the ownership and income of mineral resources by the corresponding administrative departments of the government, and the maintenance of the fairness and fairness of mining rights. The legal basis in the field of mining rights management is the Mineral Resources Law, which was enacted in 1986 and revised in 1996. Subsequently, the relevant regulations and notification measures on the registration, mining and transfer of mining rights have been issued one after another. Mining right management has been further standardized. The main body of mining right management is government departments at all levels. The scientific and reasonable positioning of government management functions directly affects the efficiency of mining rights administration, determines the degree of implementation of relevant policies, and further relates to the rational utilization and protection of mineral resources and the realization of sustainable development. However, the practice of mining right management shows that there are still some problems which restrict the circulation of mining rights and the development and progress of mining industry. From the point of view of demonstration, this study takes A province, which is relatively rich in mineral resources, as an example, and analyzes the present situation and existing problems of mining right management in our government from the local level. The main problems are summarized as follows: the confusion of the subject of mining right management, the unscientific orientation of the government's responsibility and the non-standard handling of the relationship with other organizations. It is found that the lag of the concept of government management, the imperfect legal system and the unreasonable mechanism of mineral resources management system are the deep-seated causes of many problems in the management of government mining rights in our country. In order to make the function orientation of government mining right management more scientific and reasonable, this paper makes a systematic analysis of this, and puts forward that under the principle of taking the overall situation of mining as the starting point, straightening out the rights, responsibilities and obligations at all levels, and coordinating and maintaining the relations between various departments, Construct the basic frame of function orientation. The framework includes the concept of innovative positioning management, the optimization of the relationship between power and responsibility within the government, the straightening out of the relationship between the government and the non-governmental government, and the overall idea of establishing a guarantee mechanism. The study shows that the future reform of government mining right management should proceed from the situation of mining economy development in China and suggest the implementation of classified management in the management mode. Hierarchical management is a hierarchical authorization management model implemented on the premise that the basic pattern remains unchanged. The Ministry of Land and Resources has delegated the power of examination and approval of other minerals other than strategic mineral resources to local governments at all levels. The classification management is to adopt different management policies according to the differences in the role of mineral resources exploration and development, encourage exploration, scientific development, highlight advantages and avoid waste. This article also proposed four aspects of improvement measures: first, to the service-oriented government transformation. The second is to strengthen the construction of the public service function of the government, to change the concept of mining right management of the government, to reasonably divide the power and responsibility of the governments at all levels, to reform the management system of the mining rights. We should give full play to the role of regulation and control, perfect the mechanism of supervision and management, do a good job of planning, control and public services, and perfect the mechanism of communication and information disclosure; third, we should straighten out the relationship between the government and other organizations. Promote separation of government and enterprises, separation of government and business, separation of government and capital, and regulation of intermediary organizations for the management of mining rights. Only in this way can we ensure the rational exploitation and utilization of mineral resources, ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the national economy, and realize the governing concept of building a service-oriented government.
【学位授予单位】：山东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.1

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