齐家地区青二三段储层胶结相地震预测

发布时间：2018-05-26 01:01

本文选题：地震沉积学 + 砂岩成岩作用　；参考：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以现代层序地层学、沉积岩石学、石油地质学为理论基础;以叠后三维地震数据体的相位旋转体、录井岩心资料和其他各种室内实验数据等为数据基础;以地震沉积学技术为主要研究技术;以测井数据为验证手段;以地层层序、沉积微相和成岩作用为研究内容对松辽盆地齐家地区古龙凹陷青山口组青二、三段(高三、高四组)的岩石物理特征、沉积模式及部分成岩作用进行分析,并利用地震沉积学技术建立室内实验数据和地震岩性体的直观规律,最终得到划分地震胶结相成岩相图的地震判别依据。方法是:首先在有井的区域建立井-震对比,验证与研究图像与井数据的对应关系,然后利用沉积相带的划分,在该岩性数据体中,使自然伽马和自然电位在误差允许的范围内去符合井旁的地震响应,最后结合沉积岩石学和储层沉积学理论对这个“符合”做出限制,找到符合的范围,为预测提供更多的依据。这使地震沉积学切片在研究区钻井较少或者空白区处可以在分辨率允许的范围内预测胶结作用的分布,再结合油水分布规律找到胶结作用与油层发育的规律,根据这个规律预测研究区内空白区的有利布井区。本文的研究区属于三角洲-湖相的沉积环境,研究层位处于一个构造稳定、水体较浅的时期,储层具有构造平缓、沉积厚度稳定、成层性好的特点,砂岩虽然多以薄层砂和砂质条带形式分布,但是砂泥岩的地震反射能量差异很明显,储层沉积模式也较为清楚,横向相变快,这些储层特点都为本文的地震预测提供了良好的环境。理论上,某一种成岩作用对单元储集体的岩性声学特征有着显著的影响,这也就标志着在地震信号中将这种影响解释出来是具有可行性的。本次研究的核心技术是地层切片,地层切片结合沉积速率的平面差异性,改善了传统切片穿时性的部分缺点,使每一张切片可以达到最大程度的等时。在地球物理学中指出,地震数据体的振幅属性和波阻抗具有相关性,利用地层切片的制作原理,将图像所体现的振幅属性反映地质平面波阻抗的分布,然后根据胶结作用相关参数与井数据进行线性拟合,建立相关性,之后根据这个相关性在地震沉积相图上进行地震胶结相成岩相的预测、划分,结合胶结作用参数与波阻值的线性曲线,得出胶结作用的分区性,然后通过井上测井-岩心-切片验证、井间连井-地震地层学-实验室数据预测的方式对研究区沉积微相和胶结相进行研究。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on modern sequence stratigraphy, sedimentary petrology, petroleum geology, phase rotation body of poststack 3D seismic data body, core data of mud logging and other laboratory experimental data. Taking seismic sedimentology as the main research technique, well logging data as the verification means, stratigraphic sequence, sedimentary microfacies and diagenesis as the research contents, Qingshankou formation of Qilong depression in Songliao Basin is studied in the second and third member of Qingshankou formation. The petrophysical characteristics, sedimentary models and partial diagenesis of the high four groups are analyzed, and the laboratory experimental data and the direct rules of seismic lithology are established by using seismic sedimentology. Finally, the seismic discriminant basis for the division of seismic cementation and lithofacies diagram is obtained. The methods are as follows: first, the well-seismic correlation is established in the well area, the correspondence between the image and the well data is verified and studied, and then the sedimentary facies zone is divided into the lithologic data body. To make natural gamma and natural potential conform to the seismic response near the well within the range of errors permitted. Finally, combining the theory of sedimentary petrology and reservoir sedimentology, the "coincidence" is restricted and the scope of coincidence is found. Provide more basis for prediction. This makes it possible for seismic sedimentology slices to predict the distribution of cementation within the range of resolution allowed in the study area where there are few wells or blank areas, and then to find out the regularity of cementation and reservoir development in combination with the distribution of oil and water. According to this rule, the favorable well layout area of the blank area in the study area is predicted. The study area in this paper belongs to the depositional environment of deltaic and lacustrine facies. The study horizon is in a period of structural stability and shallow water body. The reservoir has the characteristics of flat structure, stable sedimentary thickness and good stratification. Although sandstone is distributed in the form of thin layer sand and sandy belt, the difference of seismic reflection energy of sand and mudstone is obvious, the sedimentary model of reservoir is also clear, and the lateral phase transition is fast. These reservoir characteristics provide a good environment for earthquake prediction in this paper. Theoretically, a certain diagenesis has a significant influence on the lithologic acoustics of the unit reservoir, which indicates that it is feasible to interpret this effect in seismic signals. The core technology of this study is stratigraphic slicing, which combines the plane difference of deposition rate, and improves some shortcomings of traditional slicing, so that each slice can reach the maximum isochronous level. In geophysics, it is pointed out that the amplitude attribute of seismic data volume is correlated with wave impedance. Based on the principle of making stratigraphic slice, the amplitude attribute reflected in the image reflects the distribution of geological plane wave impedance. Then the correlation is established according to the linear fitting of cementation parameters and well data, and then the prediction and division of seismic cementation facies are carried out on the seismic sedimentary facies diagram. Combined with the linear curve of cementation parameters and wave resistance, the zoning of cementation is obtained. Sedimentary microfacies and cemented facies in the study area were studied by means of cross-well, seismostratigraphic and laboratory data prediction.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13;P631.4

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