真地表成像方法在逆时偏移中的实现与应用

发布时间：2018-05-26 11:47

本文选题：逆时偏移 + 山地资料　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对复杂地表地震勘探的成像问题,对现有地震成像方法进行了总结,系统的梳理了目前工业界叠前深度偏移技术的发展现状以及目前处于应用热点的逆时偏移的基本理论,并在实际数据中成功应用了基于真地表成像方法的逆时偏移计算,并总结了一套应用真地表成像方法的地震资料处理流程。总结下来,本文的成果表现为以下几个方面:1、本文系统的梳理了目前工业界常用的深度偏移成像方法,并针对逆时偏移的基本理论进行了介绍,通过模型验证与其他几种主要方法进行了对比;2、本文介绍了真地表成像方法的基本原理,验证了其在逆时偏移计算中的实现过程。该计算方法可以复杂地表情况下的成像精度,同时保留了近地表的有用信息。本文通过模型实验证明了该方法的有效性,并对速度模型可能产生的影响也做了深入的探讨;3、本文选择了一块我国西南地区的山地实际资料,在逆时偏移过程中应用了真地表成像方法。通过对处理技术的探讨以及速度建模过程的研究,总结了一套通过真地表成像技术提高山地资料成像精度的处理流程,一方面保留了近地表信息,另一方面也提高了静校正的误差问题,在实际资料中也取得了良好的处理效果。综上所述,本文在实际资料的逆时偏移过程中,成功应用了真地表成像方法,为复杂地表地震勘探提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the imaging problem of complex surface seismic exploration, this paper summarizes the existing seismic imaging methods, systematically combs the development status of prestack depth migration technology in industry and the basic theory of inverse time migration, which is currently in the hot spot of application. The inverse time migration calculation based on the true surface imaging method is successfully applied in the actual data, and a set of seismic data processing flow using the true surface imaging method is summarized. To sum up, the achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. This paper systematically combs the depth migration imaging methods commonly used in industry, and introduces the basic theory of inverse time migration. By comparing the model verification with other main methods, this paper introduces the basic principle of the true surface imaging method, and verifies its implementation process in inverse time migration calculation. This method can obtain the imaging accuracy of complex surface conditions and retain the useful information near the surface. In this paper, the validity of the method is proved by the model experiment, and the possible influence of the velocity model is also discussed in depth. In this paper, a practical data of mountainous area in southwest China is selected. The true surface imaging method is applied in inverse time migration. Through the discussion of processing technology and the research of velocity modeling process, a set of processing flow is summarized to improve the imaging accuracy of mountain data through true surface imaging technology. On the one hand, the near-surface information is retained. On the other hand, the error problem of static correction is improved, and good processing effect is obtained in practical data. To sum up, in the process of inverse time migration of the actual data, the true surface imaging method is successfully applied in this paper, which provides a new way of thinking for seismic exploration of complex surface.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631.4

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