青藏高原及周边2001年以来三次特大地震引起的形变场分布特征

发布时间：2018-06-05 06:10

本文选题：地震 + 应力加卸载区　；参考：《地球物理学报》2016年10期

【摘要】：基于地壳黏弹模型在GPS观测资料和地震位错数据为约束条件下,应用有限元数值模拟方法对2001年昆仑山8.1级、2008年汶川8.0级和2015年尼泊尔8.1级特大地震引起的地壳形变分布特征进行了模拟计算,获得了地震位移场和形变场.这3次大地震分别发生在青藏高原的北部、东部边界和南部边界,尽管震级大小基本相当,但发震区域和发震断层性质都各不相同,其各自产生的地壳形变场分布特征存在明显的差异,主要表现为形变场区域大小、幅值大小等的差异,以及在不同地壳深度也存在明显的差异,这些差异主要取决于地震断层性质和地下介质结构的不同.通过模拟计算,可以进一步了解大地震产生的应力加卸载区分布特征,对预测未来地震发生区域范围提供重要参考依据.
[Abstract]:Based on the crustal viscoelastic model, under the constraint condition of GPS observation data and seismic dislocation data, The distribution characteristics of crustal deformation caused by the Kunlun Mountain M = 8.1 in 2001, Wenchuan 8.0 in 2008 and Nepal M8.1 in 2015 are simulated and calculated by using finite element numerical simulation method. The seismic displacement field and deformation field are obtained. The three major earthquakes occurred in the northern, eastern and southern boundaries of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, respectively. Although the magnitude of the earthquake is basically the same, the region of occurrence and the nature of the fault are different. There are obvious differences in the distribution characteristics of crustal deformation fields produced by them, which are mainly shown by the differences in the regional size and amplitude of the deformation fields, as well as in the different crustal depths. These differences mainly depend on the characteristics of seismic faults and the structure of underground media. Through the simulation calculation, the distribution characteristics of the stress loading and unloading area produced by the large earthquake can be further understood, which provides an important reference basis for predicting the region range of the earthquake occurrence in the future.
【作者单位】：兰州大学土木工程与力学学院;中国地震局兰州地震研究所;
【基金】：国家自然基金项目(41574044)资助
【分类号】：P315

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