沁水盆地南部构造负反转、应力机制及油气意义

发布时间：2018-06-06 03:33

本文选题：沁水盆地 + 构造负反转　；参考：《成都理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：沁水盆地南部地区古生界高角度张性断裂极为发育,但至今仍未能很好地解释其形成及演化机制。本文依据区域构造演化背景分析、二维地震资料解释、岩石物理力学实验测试、产能数据及应力数值模拟结果,研究其形成机制。结果表明,研究区经历了3期构造旋回、4个构造演化阶段,华北板块整体处于大的挤压背景下,走滑拉分是典型的局部构造特征。负反转作用形成的高角度正断层造成了基底块断差异升降,产生了盆地内垒-堑相间分布的结果,由于地垒块体上升作用造成了石炭-二叠系形成了等厚横弯褶皱。在主生烃期,地层岩石易于发生近垂直的张性破裂,为区域垂直断裂的形成创造了条件。在区域强挤压构造环境下,可形成高角度逆断层;在伸展构造环境下,为构造负反转创造了条件。同时,该破裂型式也表明盆地具有一定的走滑拉分性质。古生界经历了2次构造负反转,分别为燕山中晚期(K1-K2)及喜马拉雅期(E-N)。燕山中晚期负反转的原因为盆地的弱伸展环境、由生烃作用所引发的张性破裂及地层剥蚀所导致的应力降低,该时期构造负反转程度较小。喜马拉雅期负反转的原因为盆地的强伸展环境、强烈的隆升剥蚀所造成的地层应力降低、温度大幅度降低产生的额外应力张量及地层岩石产生的张性应变量,该时期构造负反转程度较大。该区构造负反转对致密气储层的控"圈"、控"运"、控"储"及控"藏"效应明显。
[Abstract]:The high-angle tensional faults of Paleozoic in the southern Qinshui Basin are very developed, but the formation and evolution mechanism has not been well explained. Based on the background analysis of regional tectonic evolution, the interpretation of two-dimensional seismic data, the physical and mechanical tests of rock, the productivity data and the results of numerical simulation of stress, the formation mechanism of the structure is studied in this paper. The results show that the study area has experienced three tectonic cycles, four tectonic evolution stages, the whole North China plate is in a large compression background, and the strike-slip tension is a typical local tectonic feature. The high angle normal fault formed by negative inversion results in the differential rise and fall of the basement block, resulting in the distribution between the barrier and the graben in the basin. The Carboniferous-Permian formation of the Carboniferous-Permian system is caused by the rise of the barrier block. During the main hydrocarbon generation period, the formation rocks are prone to nearly vertical tensional rupture, which creates conditions for the formation of regional vertical faults. The high angle reverse fault can be formed in the regional strong compression tectonic environment, and in the extensional tectonic environment, it creates the conditions for the negative inversion of the structure. At the same time, the fracture pattern also indicates that the basin has a certain strike-slip tensile property. The Paleozoic has undergone two negative structural reversals, namely, the late Yanshanian K1-K2) and the Himalayan epoch. The negative inversion in the middle and late Yanshanian period is caused by the weak extensional environment of the basin. The stress caused by tensile rupture and strata denudation caused by hydrocarbon generation is reduced, and the negative inversion degree of the structure in this period is relatively small. The negative inversion in the Himalayan period is caused by the strong extensional environment of the basin, the decrease of formation stress caused by strong uplift and denudation, the significant decrease of temperature, the extra stress Zhang Liang, and the tensile strain caused by stratigraphic rocks. In this period, the degree of negative inversion of structure is large. The negative inversion of structure in this area has obvious effect on controlling "circle", "transportation", "reservoir" and "reservoir" of tight gas reservoir.
【作者单位】：西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院;中国地质大学能源学院;中国石油华北油田分公司勘探开发研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41372139,41072098,41572130)
【分类号】：P618.13

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