基于环境约束水位的华北平原地下水可开采资源量研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 18:07

本文选题：华北平原 + 地下水数值模型　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近五十年来,随着社会经济的迅速发展,人类活动对华北平原地下水产生了巨大的影响。由于对地下水的长期过量开采,诱发了一系列环境地质问题。本文首先利用GMS软件及改进后的Modflow2005程序,构建2000-2010年长序列现状开采条件下的华北平原地下水流数值模型,然后依据以往研究资料和前人研究成果,制定出华北平原浅层和深层地下水环境约束水位,并以此来计算稳定于环境约束水位的华北平原地下水可开采资源量。首先对华北平原地下水可开采资源量进行粗略估算,主要用到了两种方法。第一种方法是根据华北平原地下水开采量组成分析来直接计算环境约束水位条件下的地下水可开采资源量;第二种方法是在现状开采条件的基础上,依据地下水均衡原理计算从现状水位演变到环境约束水位的过程中各均衡项的变化量,从而求得稳定于环境约束水位条件下的地下水可开采资源量。两种方法的理论依据均为地下水均衡原理。根据两种方法分别算出的环境约束水位条件下的地下水可开采资源量范围为150.00~176.00×10~8m~3/a、148.50~166.00×10~8m~3/a,并以第一种算出的结果为基础进行可开采资源量反算。根据地下水均衡原理,并结合前述地下水流数值模型,对初步确定的可开采资源量反算。在多次反算后,浅层地下水位基本回复至浅层环境约束水位。深层可开采资源量在五次反算后地下水位与约束水位的差值不再有明显变化或者变化很微小,两者水位的差值基本趋于稳定;而从六次反算后各区县深层水位与环境约束水位的差(Y_n)和单位面积单位时间的可开采资源量(X_n)呈明显的线性关系,并以此来计算当Y_n为0时—即深层水位和深层环境约束水位重合时,各区县的可开采资源量。经线性反算后,华北平原地下水可开采资源总量为168.74×10~8m~3/a,其中浅层可开采资源量为150.56×10~8m~3/a,相对于现状开采量减少了30.35×10~8m~3/a;深层可开采资源量为18.18×10~8m~3/a,相对于现状开采量减少了15.01×10~8m~3/a。并依据最终反算所得的地下水可开采资源量,对华北平原各省市浅层和深层的地下水压采方案提出了部分建议。
[Abstract]:In the past 50 years, with the rapid development of social economy, human activities have had a great impact on groundwater in North China Plain. A series of environmental geological problems have been induced due to the long-term overexploitation of groundwater. In this paper, a numerical model of groundwater flow in North China Plain is constructed by using GMS software and improved Modflow2005 program, and then based on previous research data and previous research results, a numerical model of groundwater flow in North China Plain is constructed under the condition of current mining of older sequences in 2000-2010. The environmental confined water levels of shallow and deep groundwater in North China Plain are worked out, and the recoverable resources of groundwater in North China Plain are calculated. Firstly, two methods are used to estimate the recoverable groundwater resources in North China Plain. The first method is based on the composition analysis of groundwater exploitation in North China Plain to directly calculate the recoverable groundwater resources under the condition of environmental constraint water level. The second method is based on the current mining conditions. According to the principle of groundwater equilibrium, the variation of each equilibrium term in the process from the current water level to the environmental restricted water level is calculated, and the recoverable resources of groundwater under the condition of environmental constraint water level are obtained. The theoretical basis of the two methods is the principle of groundwater equilibrium. According to the two methods, the recoverable resource range of groundwater under the condition of environmental constraint water level is 150.00,176.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.50 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 脳 106.00 According to the principle of groundwater equilibrium and the numerical model of groundwater flow mentioned above, the preliminary determination of recoverable resources is back calculated. After several backcalculations, the shallow groundwater level is basically restored to the shallow ambient confined water level. The difference between the underground water level and the confined water level is no longer obvious or small after five backcalculations, and the difference between the two levels tends to be stable. However, there is an obvious linear relationship between the difference between the deep water level and the environment-constrained water level and the recoverable resource quantity per unit time per unit area of each district and county after six inverse calculations. With this method, the recoverable resources of each district and county can be calculated when Y _ n is 0, that is, when the deep water level and the deep environmental constrained water level coincide with each other. After linear inverse calculation, the total recoverable resources of groundwater in North China Plain is 168.74 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (3 / a), in which the recoverable resource of shallow layer is 150.56 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (-1) / a, which is 30.35 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (-3 / a) less than that of the present situation, and the quantity of deep recoverable resources is 18.18 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (3 / a), which is 15.01 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (-3 / a) less than that of the present situation. Based on the recoverable groundwater resources, some suggestions are put forward for the shallow and deep groundwater pressure recovery schemes of provinces and cities in the North China Plain.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.8

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