宿县矿区地下水化学演化特征与控制因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 12:40

本文选题：煤矿区 + 地下水化学演化　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：安徽淮北煤田宿县矿区是华北隐伏型煤田的重要组成部分,丰富的煤炭资源促进了当地经济的快速发展。近几十年来,由于采矿活动等的影响,地下水系统输入、输出与系统结构发生改变,水文地质条件复杂化,煤矿突水事故频繁发生。为此,本论文以华北隐伏型煤田宿县矿区为研究示范,深入调查了研究区地质背景条件,收集了主要突水含水层(四含、煤系、太灰)地下水样常规离子(K~++Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、HCO_3~-、CO_3~(2-))数据,利用离子组合比和主成分分析方法探讨了水化学成分的形成机制,进一步通过研究主成分荷载得分与水化学类型的空间分布规律,分析了矿区地下水水化学演化特征及控制因素。在定性分析的基础上,确立了矿区地下水流路径以及矿物相,建立了合理的水文地球化学模型,对矿区地下水流路径及水文地球化学演化进行了定量模拟。研究结果表明:(1)矿区主要突水含水层阳离子含量关系均为Na~+Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+),四含、太灰阴离子含量关系均为SO_4~(2-)HCO_3~-Cl~-,煤系阴离子含量关系为HCO_3~-SO_4~(2-)Cl~-。四含变异系数较大的有Na~+、SO_4~(2-)、HCO_3~-,煤系变异系数较大有Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)、HCO_3~-,太灰变异系数较大有Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)。矿区主要突水含水层水化学数据差异综合反映了地下水化学成分形成作用和地下水流动路径。(2)四含水力联系紧密,水文地球化学演化的主要水-岩相互作用有黄铁矿的氧化作用、阳离子交替吸附作用及硫酸盐、碳酸盐的溶解沉淀作用;煤系总体地下水径流条件差,阳离子交替吸附或脱硫酸作用趋于稳定;太灰中东部水动力条件较好,碳酸盐的溶解沉淀作用是水文地球化学演化的主要水-岩相互作用,西部水力联系较小,阳离子交替吸附作用与黄铁矿的氧化作用是水文地球化学演化的主要水-岩相互作用。(3)基于ArcGIS的水化学空间演化定性分析与基于PHREEQC的水文地球化学定量模拟均揭示了地质背景条件以及人类活动控制了地下水流场,影响了水-岩相互作用尺度,进而影响了主要突水含水层水化学成分形成作用与水化学类型的空间分布。其中四含主要受采矿活动控制,煤系主要受断裂(层)控制,太灰主要受采矿活动、断裂(层)与褶皱控制。论文丰富了水文地球化学方法在煤矿上的研究成果,有望为华北隐伏型煤矿水害防治和地下水资源的开发利用提供理论支持。
[Abstract]:Suxian mining area of Huaibei coalfield in Anhui Province is an important part of hidden coal field in North China. Abundant coal resources promote the rapid development of local economy. In recent decades, due to the influence of mining activities, the input, output and system structure of groundwater system have changed, the hydrogeological conditions are complicated, and water inrush accidents occur frequently in coal mines. Therefore, taking Suxian mining area of North China concealed coal field as the research demonstration, the geological background conditions of the study area are investigated in depth, and the data of K ~ Na ~ (Ca ~ (+) C ~ (2 +) C ~ (2 +) ~ (mg ~ (2) C _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) -HCO _ (3) -C _ (3) C _ (3) C _ (3) -C _ (3) -C _ (3) C _ (3) -C _ (3) -C _ (3) -C _ (3) -C _ (3) C _ (3) ~ The formation mechanism of hydrochemical composition was discussed by ion combination ratio and principal component analysis, and the spatial distribution of principal component load score and hydrochemical type was further studied. The characteristics and controlling factors of hydrochemical evolution of underground water in mining area are analyzed. On the basis of qualitative analysis, the groundwater flow path and mineral facies in mining area are established, a reasonable hydrogeochemical model is established, and a quantitative simulation of groundwater flow path and hydrogeochemical evolution in mining area is carried out. The results show that the cationic content relationships of main water-inrush aquifers in the area are all Na ~ CaDU ~ (2 +) mg ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +), the anion content relationships are so ~ (4) ~ (-) ~ (2) HCO3 ~ (-Cl) -Cl-C ~ (-), and the relation of coal measure anion content is HCO _ 3 ~ + -SO ~ (2 +) -SO ~ (2 +) -C ~ (2 +) -Cl ~ (-). The higher the coefficient of variation is, the larger the coefficient of variation in coal measures is, and the higher the coefficient of variation in coal measures is. The coefficient of variation in coal measures is larger than that in Cajiao 2, MgN, 2 and so 4, and the coefficient of variation in too ash is larger than that in Cajiao 2, Mg2, so 4 and so 4, and the coefficient of variation in too ash is larger than that in Cajiao 2, MGO 2, so 4 and so 4 / 2, and the coefficient of variation in too ash is larger than that in the other two. The difference of water chemical data of main water-inrush aquifer in mining area shows that the formation of chemical composition of groundwater and the flow path of groundwater are closely related to each other. The main water-rock interactions in hydrogeochemical evolution include the oxidation of pyrite, the alternating adsorption of cations, the dissolution and precipitation of sulfate and carbonate, and the poor runoff conditions of underground water in coal measures. The hydrodynamic conditions are better in the middle and eastern part of Taihu ash, the dissolution and precipitation of carbonate is the main hydrogeochemical evolution of water-rock interaction, and the hydraulic relation is small in the western part. Alternate adsorption of cations and oxidation of pyrite are the main water-rock interactions in hydrogeochemical evolution.) qualitative analysis of spatial evolution of hydrochemistry based on ArcGIS and quantitative simulation of hydrogeochemistry based on PHREEQC It shows that geological background conditions and human activities control the groundwater flow field, The scale of water-rock interaction is affected, and the formation of water chemical composition and the spatial distribution of hydrochemical types in the main water-inrush aquifer are also affected. Four of them are mainly controlled by mining activities, coal measures are mainly controlled by faults (layers), and too ash are mainly controlled by mining activities, faults (beds) and folds. This paper enriches the research results of hydrogeochemical methods in coal mines and is expected to provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of water hazards and the development and utilization of groundwater resources in hidden coal mines in North China.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.3

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