北京市朝阳区地质灾害危险性区划研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 19:02

本文选题：地质灾害 + 危险性　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：北京作为我国的首都,也是地质灾害多发城市之一,地质灾害一直困扰着北京市的城市发展。北京的城市地质安全一直是研究的主要课题之一。针对北京市特殊的政治地位,以及所处的独特的地质环境区域,建立一套适用于北京市平原区的地质灾害危险性评价体系是很有必要的。北京市是比较早在山区开展地质灾害危险性区划的城市之一。针对北京市山区地质灾害危险性区划的方法、理论体系比较成熟。但在平原区开展的相关工作比较少,评价体系还不成熟。目前国内外,针对平原区地灾危险性评价(评估)是地质灾害研究领域的前沿课题。针对平原区地灾危险性评价(评估)还没有全面系统通用的理论体系,目前还在研究完善中。本论文以北京市朝阳区为研究对象,在调查研究北京市朝阳区经济社会环境、地质灾害现状发育及危害情况的基础上,借鉴国内外已有研究方法、研究成果的基础上,建立了一套针对北京市平原区地质灾害危险性评价的模型理论,完成了北京市朝阳区地质灾害危险性区划。本课题在研究过程中,通过对各灾种主要影响因素的指标进行了选取、概化和简化,建立了灰色关联度分析等地质灾害危险性评价模型,对所确立的各项指标进行了参数调整,最终使所研究的内容具有可操作性和使用性,并以北京市朝阳区为研究对象,对该方法体系进行了探索性的应用。在野外调查的基础上,结合已掌握的资料,特别是地质灾害方面的资料,查明了朝阳区地质灾害的种类、分布规模、危害程度、形成条件及影响因素。运用MAPGIS空间分析技术进行了朝阳区单灾种的地质灾害危险性区划;阐述了上述地质灾害的分布特征。在综合调查研究的基础上,对朝阳区多灾种地质灾害危险性进行了综合分区评价。朝阳区全部处于地质灾害危险性易发区内,并对易发区进行了进一步划分,划分了高度易发区、中度易发区和轻度易发区三个分区。编制了朝阳区地质灾害危险性区划图。对朝阳区地质灾害防治作了分区评价,确定了重点防治的地质灾害类型和地区,编制了朝阳区地质灾害防治规划图。本课题以平原区地质灾害为研究对象。以实际应用为主旨,以解决实际生产问题为核心,具有较强的实用性,为今后在北京地区开展类似工作,提供了理论方法及实际应用借鉴。
[Abstract]:As the capital of our country, Beijing is also one of the cities with frequent geological disasters. Beijing's urban geological safety has been one of the main research topics. In view of Beijing's special political status and its unique geological environment, it is necessary to establish a set of geological hazard risk assessment system suitable for Beijing plain area. Beijing is one of the cities that carried out geological hazard zoning in mountainous area. According to the method of geological hazard zoning in mountainous area of Beijing, the theoretical system is relatively mature. However, the relevant work carried out in the plain area is relatively small, and the evaluation system is not yet mature. At home and abroad, hazard assessment (assessment) is a frontier topic in the field of geological hazard research. There is no systematic and universal theoretical system for the assessment of disaster risk in plain area, and it is still under study. This paper takes Chaoyang District of Beijing as the research object, on the basis of investigation and research on the economic and social environment, the development of geological hazards and the harm situation in Chaoyang District of Beijing, drawing lessons from the existing research methods at home and abroad, and on the basis of the research results. A set of model theory for geological hazard risk assessment in Beijing plain area is established, and the zoning of geological hazard risk in Chaoyang district of Beijing is completed. In the course of the research, by selecting, generalizing and simplifying the indexes of the main influencing factors of each kind of disaster, the paper establishes the grey correlation degree analysis and other geological hazard risk assessment models, and adjusts the parameters of the established indexes. Finally, the content of the study is operable and usable, and taking Chaoyang District of Beijing as the research object, the method system is applied exploratory. On the basis of field investigation, combined with the available data, especially the data of geological hazards, the types, distribution scale, harm degree, forming conditions and influencing factors of geological disasters in Chaoyang district are found out. The geological hazard risk regionalization of single disaster in Chaoyang district is carried out by using MAPGIS spatial analysis technique, and the distribution characteristics of the geological hazard mentioned above are expounded. On the basis of comprehensive investigation and study, the comprehensive zoning evaluation of the risk of multiple geological disasters in Chaoyang District was carried out. Chaoyang District is all in the geological hazard prone area, and the predisposing area is further divided into three zones: high susceptible area, moderate susceptible area and mild susceptible area. The hazard map of geological hazards in Chaoyang District is compiled. The zonal evaluation of geological hazard prevention and control in Chaoyang district is made, the types and regions of geological hazard are determined, and the planning map of geological hazard prevention and control in Chaoyang district is worked out. In this paper, the geological hazard in plain area is taken as the research object. Taking practical application as the gist and solving practical production problem as the core, it has strong practicability, and provides the theory method and practical application reference for developing similar work in Beijing area in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P694

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