基于GMS的高松矿田地下水经济损失评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 20:25

本文选题：经济损失评价 + 矿区地下水　；参考：《云南财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿区地下水排放是采矿活动中的必要过程,一方面,突水会造成矿山生产的停顿和人员伤亡;另一方面,矿区地下水资源是山区(尤其是缺水山区)经济社会发展的基本支撑条件和基础。随着我国矿山采矿向深部推进,矿区地下水水量、水质、利用等问题成为更严重的问题。因此,全面掌握矿区的地下水分布变化,合理评估地下水经济损失是确保矿区社会经济、环境健康的关键。通过实地调研、收集整理高松矿田社会经济资料和水文地质资料,构建了地下水经济损失评价指标体系,模拟了矿区地下水资源空间分布,并在此基础上计算了高松矿田地下水经济损失,提出了相关方案对策,为高松矿田地下水开采提供科学合理的指导。主要研究成果如下:1、构建了地下水经济损失评价指标体系。通过实地调研和收集整理资料,将地下水经济损失分为地下水直接经济损失和地下水间接经济损失,其中地下水间接损失包括地下水污染和地下水水量两部分,根据水功能又可以将地下水污染分为人体健康、农业、工业、第三产业、生态系统服务功能,地下水水量分为居民饮用水、农业、工业、第三产业、地面沉降和生态系统服务功能。2、计算高松矿田地下水经济损失。运用构建好的地下水经济损失指标体系,根据实地调研和对地下水进行空间分布模拟,计算得到2015年高松矿田地下水经济损失约1000万元,其中渔业损失最大,生态系统服务损失次之,二者之和约占据了整个高松矿田地下水经济损失97%。3、计算了生态系统服务的损失价值。利用地下水模拟系统(GMS)模拟出矿区地下水的潜水位空间分布,根据遥感影像(landsat8)计算矿区归一化植被指数(NDVI),在此基础上将高松矿田地下潜水位的变化和归一化植被指数一一对应在同一网格位置上,并根据潜水位降深度进行分区,同时引用了条件概率公式,计算出每个区水位降深对植被生长的影响率,得到地下水水位下降对生态系统服务损失价值约为280万元。
[Abstract]:Groundwater discharge from mining areas is a necessary process in mining activities. On the one hand, water inrush can cause stoppage and casualties in mine production; on the other hand, Underground water resources in mining area are the basic supporting conditions and foundation of economic and social development in mountainous area (especially in water-deficient mountainous area). With the development of mining in China, the problems of groundwater quantity, water quality and utilization become more serious. Therefore, it is the key to ensure the social economic and environmental health of the mining area to master the distribution of underground water in a comprehensive way and to evaluate the economic loss of groundwater reasonably. Through field investigation, social and economic data and hydrogeological data of Gaosong ore field are collected and sorted, and an evaluation index system of economic loss of groundwater is constructed, and the spatial distribution of groundwater resources in mining area is simulated. On this basis, the economic losses of groundwater in Gaosong Orefield are calculated, and the relevant scheme and countermeasures are put forward, which provide scientific and reasonable guidance for groundwater exploitation in Gaosong Orefield. The main research results are as follows: 1. The evaluation index system of groundwater economic loss is constructed. The economic losses of groundwater are divided into direct economic losses of groundwater and indirect economic losses of groundwater through on-the-spot investigation and data collection and collation, in which indirect losses of groundwater include two parts: groundwater pollution and groundwater volume. According to the function of water, groundwater pollution can be divided into human health, agriculture, industry, tertiary industry, ecosystem service function, groundwater quantity can be divided into drinking water, agriculture, industry, tertiary industry, Land subsidence and ecosystem service function. 2 to calculate the economic loss of groundwater in Gaosong Orefield. Based on field investigation and spatial distribution simulation of groundwater, the economic loss of groundwater in Gaosong Orefield in 2015 was calculated by using the established index system of economic loss of groundwater, and the economic loss of groundwater was estimated to be about 10 million yuan, among which the loss of fishery was the largest. The loss of ecosystem services was the second, and the sum of the two accounted for 97. 3 of the economic losses of groundwater in the Gaosong ore field, and the value of the loss of ecosystem services was calculated. Groundwater simulation system (GMS) is used to simulate the spatial distribution of groundwater in mining area. The normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the mining area is calculated according to the remote sensing image, and on this basis, the variation of underground groundwater level and normalized vegetation index in Gaosong ore field are mapped to the same grid position, and the area is divided according to the depth of diving. At the same time, the conditional probability formula is used to calculate the influence rate of water level drop on vegetation growth in each area, and the value of groundwater level drop to ecosystem service loss is about 2.8 million yuan.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.8

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