致密岩石中走滑断裂内部结构及与油气成藏

发布时间：2018-06-21 22:16

本文选题：低—非孔隙岩石 + 走滑断层　；参考：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：走滑断裂对低—非孔隙岩石中油气成藏具有十分重要的意义,本文通过调研大量国内外文献资料,界定了走滑断层相关的专业术语,分析了低—非孔隙岩石中断裂带微观变形的主要影响因素,通过对吉林省四平市石岭镇放牛沟断裂带和叶赫镇转山湖断裂带的野外观察与测量,描述了低—非孔隙岩石中走滑断裂带特征,结合前人研究成果,系统地研究了低—非孔隙岩石中走滑断裂带内部结构的形成与演化,并以徐家围子断陷为靶区,研究走滑断裂带内部结构对油气成藏的影响。通过调研了解到,在不同岩性、温度、围压、有效压力和埋藏深度的条件下,低—非孔隙岩石中断裂的变形机制主要是破裂作用、碎裂作用和碎裂流作用,在它们的共同作用下,低—非孔隙岩石中走滑断裂带发生脆性变形,形成的断裂带具有典型的“二元结构”:断层核和破碎带。一般来说,埋深小于3~4km或者固结成岩后抬升至3~4km以上时,断层核内发育大量的裂缝,此时断层核和破碎带均起到输导油气的作用,断层核不具有封闭性,此时主要是岩性对接封闭;埋深大于3~4km,断层核中有内聚力的碎裂岩渗透性比围岩高1~2个数量级,破碎带的渗透率比围岩高1~6个数量级;在围压从100MPa增加到200MPa时,断层核有内聚力的碎裂岩、无内聚力的碎裂岩、破碎带和围岩的渗透性均下降,但破碎带的渗透性仍处于最高,断层核的渗透性最低,此时断层核起到封闭作用。本文结合徐家围子火山岩工区,分析徐中、徐东走滑断裂带内部结构对油气的控制作用,天然气分布以徐中走滑断裂带为中心,呈正弦曲线分布,分析走滑断裂带内部结构对天然气的封闭作用,为以后研究低—非孔隙岩石中断裂带封闭性提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:Strike-slip faults are of great significance for hydrocarbon accumulation in low-porosity rocks. This paper defines the technical terms related to strike-slip faults by investigating a large number of domestic and foreign literature. The main influencing factors of microcosmic deformation of fault zone in low-porosity rock are analyzed. The field observation and measurement of Xiangniugou fault zone in Shiling town, Jilin Province, and the Chuanshanhu fault zone in Yehe Zhen, Jilin Province, are carried out. The characteristics of strike-slip fault zone in low-porosity rock are described. The formation and evolution of internal structure of strike-slip fault zone in low-porosity non-pore rock are systematically studied, and the Xujiaweizi fault depression is taken as the target area. The effect of internal structure of strike-slip fault zone on oil and gas accumulation is studied. Through investigation, it is found that under different lithology, temperature, confining pressure, effective pressure and burial depth, the deformation mechanism of fractures in low-porosity rocks is mainly fracturing, fragmentation and fragmentation flow. Under the joint action of them, the strike-slip fault zone in low-porosity rock has brittle deformation, and the formed fault zone has a typical "binary structure": fault nucleus and fracture zone. Generally speaking, when buried depth is less than 3~4km or uplift above 3~4km after consolidation diagenesis, a large number of fractures develop in the fault nucleus. At this time, both the fault nucleus and the fracture zone play the role of transporting oil and gas, and the fault nucleus is not closed. At this time, the intersecting lithology is mainly closed, the buried depth is more than 3 ~ 4km, the permeability of clastic rock with cohesion in the fault core is 1 ~ 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of surrounding rock, the permeability of broken zone is 1 ~ 6 orders of magnitude higher than that of surrounding rock, and when the confining pressure increases from 100 MPA to 200 MPA, the permeability of fractured rock is 1 ~ 6 orders of magnitude higher than that of surrounding rock. The permeability of fractured zone and surrounding rock is decreased, but the permeability of fracture zone is still the highest and the permeability of fault nucleus is the lowest. Based on the Xujiaweizi volcanic rock area, this paper analyzes the controlling effect of the internal structure of the Xuzhong and Xudong strike-slip fault zone on oil and gas. The distribution of natural gas is centered on the Xuzhong strike-slip fault zone with a sinusoidal distribution. The internal structure of the strike-slip fault zone is analyzed to seal the natural gas, which provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the sealing of the fault zone in the low-porosity rock.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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