阴阳离子及蒙脱石粘土矿物对土壤吸附兽药链霉素的影响

发布时间：2018-06-26 14:32

本文选题：链霉素 + 吸附　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：内蒙古自治区是我国最为重要的畜牧业基地之一,2014年牲畜存栏超过1.1亿只,年兽药抗生素需求量较大,这也导致了兽药抗生素在环境中的残留值得关注。过去的几年中,土壤中重金属、化肥和农药的超标也日益严重,导致土壤中污染物趋于多元化和复杂化,以复合污染的形式存在。因而,我区土壤中复合污染的研究意义重大。本文以链霉素为研究对象,研究土壤中阴阳离子对其吸附行为的复合效应及蒙脱石粘土矿物对其吸附的影响。首先,通过静态吸附实验方法,研究了钾、钙和钠对土壤吸附链霉素的影响,发现钾、钙和钠阳离子的存在促进了链霉素在土壤中的吸附。离子浓度增加时,促进作用减弱。并且,着重研究了在潮土和黑土中铜与链霉素复合吸附。研究表明,铜的存在促进了两种土壤对链霉素的吸附,但链霉素抑制了土壤对铜的吸附,可能是因为铜与链霉素形成络合物。另外,pH也会对铜和链霉素的复合效应也有一定影响。其次,研究了3种阴离子对土壤吸附链霉素的影响,研究表明,链霉素的吸附强弱关系均为：PNC1原土,认为可能是因为阴离子加入后,很大程度上增加了土壤表面负电的缘故。最后,主要运用离子色谱检测、红外分析和XRD检测等手段,对蒙脱石吸附链霉素的作用进行了研究,发现蒙脱石对链霉素具有强烈的吸附能力,认为蒙脱石可能是通过阳离子交换作用对链霉素进行吸附。
[Abstract]:Inner Mongolia Autonomous region is one of the most important animal husbandry bases in China. In 2014, more than 110 million livestock were kept in stock, and the annual demand for veterinary antibiotics was large, which also led to the residue of veterinary antibiotics in the environment. In the past few years, the excess of heavy metals, fertilizers and pesticides in soil has become more and more serious, which leads to the diversification and complication of pollutants in soil, which exists in the form of compound pollution. Therefore, the study of compound pollution in soil in our region is of great significance. In this paper, streptomycin was used as a research object to study the compound effect of cationic and anionic ions on adsorption behavior and the effect of montmorillonite clay minerals on the adsorption of streptomycin. Firstly, the effects of potassium, calcium and sodium on the adsorption of streptomycin in soil were studied by static adsorption experiments. It was found that the presence of potassium, calcium and sodium cations promoted the adsorption of streptomycin in soil. With the increase of ion concentration, the promoting effect is weakened. Moreover, the complex adsorption of copper and streptomycin in aquic and black soils was studied. The results showed that the presence of copper promoted the adsorption of streptomycin on two soils, but streptomycin inhibited the adsorption of copper, which may be due to the formation of a complex of copper and streptomycin. In addition, pH also affected the compound effect of copper and streptomycin. Secondly, the effects of three kinds of anions on the adsorption of streptomycin on soil were studied. The results showed that the adsorption strength of streptomycin was all in the proportion of 1: PNC1 primordial soil, which may be due to the increase of negative electricity on soil surface after the addition of anions. Finally, the adsorption of streptomycin on montmorillonite was studied by ion chromatography, infrared analysis and XRD, and it was found that montmorillonite had strong adsorption ability to streptomycin. It is suggested that montmorillonite may adsorb streptomycin by cation exchange.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X53;P579

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