地气测量探测隐伏断裂应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 23:34

本文选题：地气测量 + 隐伏断裂　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：隐伏断裂探测是地质环境与地壳稳定性评价以及资源勘查的一项重要基础内容,尤其是活动断层探测,对工程建筑、水利水电建设等具有十分重要的意义。西藏林芝雅鲁藏布江中下游大拐弯河段地区,不仅蕴藏丰富能源矿产资源,而且也是我国水能资源最丰富的流域。但由于该地区地处雅鲁藏布江缝合带上,构造运动强烈,断裂发育较多,加之高山峡谷地貌广泛发育,第四系覆盖物深厚,导致对该地区的隐伏断裂研究带来了很大的难度,成为对该地区各项工程建设与规划的制约因素。因此,对该地区隐伏断裂的探测与研究对于水利水电工程选址、能源矿产勘查、基础工程建设等具有十分重要的意义。本论文在国家自然科学基金项目:隐伏地质体与断裂的地气场研究(项目编号:41074094);国家水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院课题:雅鲁藏布江中下游米林接地—当嘎断裂、比丁—夺松、里龙等断裂构造特征研究项目的支持下,以西藏米林玉松地区、林芝色季拉地区为研究区,采用地气法与氡气测量为手段,结合工区的地质构造特征,综合前人的研究成果,以厘定隐伏断裂位置与走向为目的,对该地区是否存在接地—当嘎断裂、藏巴觉柱断裂等隐伏断裂进行探测与论证,以便对国家水利建设项目位置选址提供决策参考资料研究工作中,结合相关地质调查,针对寻找不同隐伏断裂的具体情况,分别在两个测区内布设了12条测线,其中林芝玉松测区7条,米林色季拉测区5条测线,共实施地气测量374个测点,氡气测量19个测点,获得地气分析数据374组,每组39种元素数据。通过对所测数据的处理与分析,参考地质调查结果,划分出存在多元素地气异常的区域,在此基础上,运用多元统计分析手段研究了异常区域多元统计特征,并运用模糊判别对隐伏断裂活动性强度进行对比分析,探讨了地气场判断隐伏断裂活动性的可行性。本文研究获得以下认识:1、在第四系分布广泛,覆盖层深厚,断裂多为隐伏断裂的地区,地气测量应用于河床地区隐伏断层的探测是行之有效的方法。隐伏断裂破碎带的垂直上方确实存在多种元素地气异常,异常元素呈现“群”分布的特点,地气异常的组合在不同断裂上方具有相似性,一些微量元素(稀土元素、Y、Rb、U)与造岩元素(Cr、Mn、Zn)等在疑似隐伏断裂上方都具有明显的异常高值,为背景值的2倍以上,这在一定程度上对隐伏断裂具有较好的指示作用。2、根据林芝玉松测区的地气、氡气测量结果,结合地质调查,初步确定雅鲁藏布江右岸存在异常的剖面PM01、PM02、PM04异常点为接地—当嘎断层所经过的位置,左岸河漫滩无断层经过;而米林色季拉测区内存在异常的剖面PM12、PM14异常点为可能为藏巴觉柱及其分支断裂通过位置。3、通过结合聚类分析、微量元素稀土配分等多元统计的方法对异常区地气元素的分析,揭示了异常区元素相关性与组合特征,表明两个区域内异常Y、Mn、REE元素具有较大的相似性。4、对比分析了不同断裂地气异常衬度,并运用模糊判别方法探讨了玉松测区接地—当嘎断层的活动性,得出了该断层活动性较弱的特点,表明地气元素异常衬度的大小能够反映断层的活动性强度,异常衬度与断层活动性呈正相关的关系。
[Abstract]:The detection of hidden faults is an important basic content of geological environment and crustal stability evaluation and resource exploration, especially active fault detection, which is of great significance for engineering buildings and water conservancy and hydropower construction. The large turning section of the middle and lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Linzhi, Tibet, not only contains abundant energy mineral resources, but also contains abundant resources of energy and mineral resources. But it is also the most abundant River Basin in China. However, because the area is located in the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, the tectonic movement is strong, the fracture development is more, and the high mountain and Canyon geomorphology is widely developed and the Quaternary cover is deep. It has brought great difficulty to the study of the hidden fault in this area, and it has become the construction of various projects in this area. Therefore, the detection and research of the hidden faults in this area are of great significance to the location of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the exploration of energy and mineral resources, and the construction of basic engineering. In this paper, the National Natural Science Foundation Project of the National Natural Science Project: the study of the underground gas field of hidden geological bodies and faults (project number: 41074094); the national hydropower Consultant The project of Chengdu survey and Design Research Institute of the group: under the support of the research project of the fault structure characteristics of the Milin earthing fault in the middle and lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, with the support of the research project of the characteristics of the fracture structure, such as the Yin song region of Tibet Milin and the zinla area in Linzhi, the geological structure characteristics of the work area are combined with the geological structure characteristics of the industrial area. In order to determine the location and direction of concealed faults in accordance with the research results of the predecessors, the detection and demonstration of the hidden faults such as grounding - GA - GA fracture, Zang - BA fault - column fault and so on in this area are carried out in order to provide a reference material for the location selection of the national water conservancy construction project. With the specific situation of the hidden fault, 12 measuring lines are arranged in two measured areas, including 7 Linzhi jade pine measuring areas and 5 lines in Milin color jella test area, 374 measuring points of ground gas measurement and 19 measuring points of radon gas measurement are carried out. 374 groups of ground gas analysis data are obtained. The data of each group are processed and analyzed and referenced by the processing and analysis of the measured data. On the basis of this, the multivariate statistical analysis is used to study the multivariate statistical characteristics of abnormal regions, and the activity strength of hidden faults is compared and analyzed by fuzzy discrimination. The feasibility of judging the activity of hidden faults by the ground gas field is discussed. 1, in the quaternary system, it is widely distributed in the quaternary system, the cover layer is deep and the fault is mostly concealed fault. The application of earth gas measurement to the detection of hidden faults in the river bed area is an effective method. Some trace elements (rare earth elements, Y, Rb, U) and rock forming elements (Cr, Mn, Zn) have obvious abnormal high values above the suspected hidden faults, which are more than 2 times of the background values, which have a good indication of the hidden faults to some extent.2, according to the ground gas and radon in the Linzhi jade pine survey area. The results of gas measurement, combined with geological survey, preliminarily determined that the anomalous section of the right bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River has an abnormal section PM01, PM02 and PM04 anomaly points as the location of the earthing - GA fault, and there is no fault in the left bank river beach, while the MI Lin zera survey area is in the abnormal section PM12, and the PM14 anomaly point may be the Zang Ba consciousness column and its branch fault pass. Over location.3, through the combination of cluster analysis, trace element rare earth distribution and other multivariate statistical methods, the element correlation and combination characteristics of abnormal region are revealed. It shows that the two regions have a large similarity in Y, Mn, and REE, and the contrast analysis of different fractured ground gas anomalies and the use of fuzziness. The discriminant method is used to explore the activity of the fault in the ground fault of the jade pine area, and the characteristics of the fault activity are weak. It shows that the size of the abnormal contrast of the ground gas element can reflect the active strength of the fault, and the abnormal contrast is positively related to the fault activity.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P632.5

【参考文献】