白云鄂博矿有价元素的X荧光快速测量

发布时间：2018-07-04 15:50

本文选题：白云鄂博矿 + XRF分选　；参考：《内蒙古科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文是所在实验室使用X荧光预选白云鄂博多金属矿低品位矿石研究的一部分，旨在为X荧光预选提供依据，并帮助确定选稀土矿的最佳选矿参数。在X荧光分选过程中，块状矿石快速通过检测区，分选机的光谱仪部分必须在小于0.1秒的时间确定矿石中目标元素的含量，这使得传统的光谱测量无法应用。从俄罗斯进口的LPPC4-150分选机采用峰背比，即目标元素特征峰与未受扰动背景的比值，来确定元素含量。本文就峰背比测量稀土矿时的适用范围，最佳测量条件如矿石块的粒度等加以厘定，并将得到的参数用于分选机取得了良好的结果。为了达到研究目标，笔者用小型X光管和探测器以及数据采集装置搭建了一台X荧光光谱仪，并将峰背比度量目标元素的方法引入到能量色散荧光光谱测量中，对常用能谱仪的计算机程序做了改进，以实现用峰背比快速测量的目的。利用矿石粉末压制的样品快速通过自制光谱仪的测试区，测得的La+Ce元素的峰背比与化学分析的元素含量有很高的相关性，相关系数达0.897，，表明峰背比的确可以用于稀土的快速测量；并发现当元素含量高于4%时，X荧光峰背比测量的相对误差在50%之内，而当元素含量小于4%时，相对误差骤然升高，峰背比方法失效。为了检验峰背比法对原矿的有效性和适用范围，大量不同粒度的矿石块在自制光谱仪上测量的La＋Ce的峰背比与化学元素分析做了对比，发现粒度越小，相关性越高。另一方面，当粒度小于4cm时，LPPC分选机识别块状矿石的能力急剧降低。因此，分选矿石的最佳粒度确定为4-5cm。将这一结果应用于LPPC分选机分选白云鄂博原矿，拣选出16%的富稀土矿，获得了约30%的回收率，稀土品位由6%提高到11%，效果良好。
[Abstract]:This paper is a part of the research on the low grade ore of Bayan Obo polymetallic ore by using X-ray fluorescence in our laboratory. It aims to provide the basis for X-ray fluorescence pre-separation and to help determine the best processing parameters of rare earth ore. In the process of X-ray fluorescence separation, the mass ore passes through the detection area quickly, and the spectrometer of the separator must determine the content of the target elements in the ore in less than 0.1 seconds, which makes the traditional spectral measurement impossible to be applied. The LPPC4-150 separator imported from Russia uses the ratio of peak to back ratio, that is, the ratio of the target element characteristic peak to the undisturbed background, to determine the element content. In this paper, the range of application of peak to back ratio for measuring rare earth ores and the optimum measuring conditions, such as the particle size of ore blocks, are determined, and good results are obtained by using the obtained parameters in the separator. In order to achieve the research goal, an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is built with a small X-ray tube, a detector and a data acquisition device, and the method of measuring the target elements by the peak-to-back ratio is introduced into the measurement of the energy dispersive fluorescence spectrum. The computer program of the common energy spectrometer is improved to realize the purpose of fast measuring the peak-to-back ratio. The sample compacted by ore powder quickly passed through the test area of the self-made spectrometer, and the peak to back ratio of La ce was found to be highly correlated with the element content of chemical analysis. The correlation coefficient is 0.897, which indicates that the peak-to-back ratio can be used for the rapid measurement of rare earths, and it is found that the relative error of X-ray fluorescence peak-to-back ratio measurement is within 50% when the element content is higher than 4, but when the element content is less than 4, the relative error increases suddenly. The peak-to-back ratio method is invalid. In order to test the validity and application range of the peak-to-back ratio method for raw ore, the peak to back ratio of La + ce measured by self-made spectrometer was compared with that of chemical element analysis. It was found that the smaller the particle size, the higher the correlation. On the other hand, when the particle size is smaller than 4cm, the ability of LPPC separator to identify block ore decreases sharply. Therefore, the optimum particle size of the separation ore is determined to be 4-5 cm 路m ~ (-1). This result has been applied to the separation of Bayan Obo ore with LPPC separator, 16% rich rare earth ore has been selected, and the recovery rate is about 30%. The rare earth grade has been raised from 6% to 11%, and the effect is good.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O657.34;P575

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