雅砻江卡拉地区滑坡发育规律与成因机制分析

发布时间：2018-07-07 12:55

本文选题：卡拉地区 + 滑坡　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：雅砻江是我国水电开发重点区域,已建、在建以及规划中的大型水电站多达12个。水库的修建改变了岸坡地质环境条件,可能引发岸坡失稳或古(老)滑坡复活,严重威胁着区内居民生命财产、公路交通以及水电站等工程的安全。因此,开展雅砻江卡拉地区滑坡发育规律与机制的研究,对于研究区滑坡灾害防治以及理论研究都具有重要意义。本文以卡拉幅1:50000地质灾害调查为依托,结合前人研究成果,采用遥感解译、大比例尺测绘、工程地质钻探及洞探、ESR测年、岩土体物理力学试验、SPSS统计分析以及计算机数值模拟等方法完成论文研究。取得的主要成果与结论如下:(1)卡拉地区地处青藏高原向四川盆地过渡地段,属青藏高原东部边缘侵蚀山原区强烈-极强烈切割山原亚区,发育13个大~特大型滑坡,分别为:一江滑坡、周家滑坡、罗拐滑坡、八通1#滑坡、八通2#滑坡、上田镇北滑坡、下田镇滑坡、田三滑坡、岗尖滑坡、央沟滑坡、卡拉滑坡、下马鸡店滑坡以及草坪滑坡,总体积大于6.19×108m3。(2)滑坡在平面上表现为沿河流、沿断裂带线状分布的规律,且干流多于支流,雅砻江右岸多于左岸;在河谷剖面上表现为大体沿2500m高程分布的特征,这一高程为雅砻江由宽谷进入峡谷的坡折部位。(3)3个滑坡形成于0~1.17万年前(全新世),8个滑坡形成于1.17~4.0万年前(晚更新世晚期),仅2个滑坡形成于4.0~12.6万年前(晚更新世中早期);由此可以推断,在第四纪晚更新世晚期至全新世早期,流域内新构造运动活动强烈,气候剧变,地质灾害频发。(4)按滑面与层面关系划分,顺层滑坡9个,切层滑坡4个;按滑体厚度划分,中层滑坡3个,深层滑坡与超深层滑坡分别5个;按滑体体积划分,大型滑坡1个,特大型滑坡发育12个;按滑坡发生年代划分,老滑坡发育3个,古滑坡发育10个。(5)采用限单元法(FEM)与非连续变形分析方法(DDA)对研究区内典型滑坡(田三滑坡)形成演化进行数值模拟,再现了田三滑坡顺层滑移-拉裂形成机制的全过程,模拟结果与野外地质调查情况及地质分析吻合性较好。(6)归纳总结出了卡拉地区滑坡形成控制因素及成因机制概念模型,滑坡的形成主要受岩土体性质及岩性组合、岸坡地质结构、地质构造与新构造运动以及地表地下水等4方面因素控制;卡拉地区四类滑坡成因机制地质力学概念模型为:滑移-弯曲型、顺层滑移-拉裂型、弯曲-折断→滑移-拉裂复合型及阶梯状滑移-拉裂型。
[Abstract]:Yalong River is the key area of hydropower development in China, and there are as many as 12 large hydropower stations under construction and planning. The construction of reservoir has changed the geological environment conditions on the bank slope, which may lead to the instability of bank slope or the revival of ancient (old) landslides, which seriously threaten the safety of residents' lives and property, road traffic and hydropower stations. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the law and mechanism of landslide development in Kara area of Yalong River. Based on the Carla scale 1: 50000 geological hazard survey, combined with the previous research results, this paper adopts remote sensing interpretation, large scale mapping, engineering geological drilling and hole exploration ESR dating. SPSS statistical analysis and computer numerical simulation are used to study the physical and mechanical tests of rock and soil. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) Kara area is located in the transition area from Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to Sichuan Basin. It belongs to the intense to extremely strong cutting mountain subregion of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, and 13 large or super large landslides are developed. They are: the Yijiang landslide, the Zhoujia landslide, the Luokai landslide, the Batong1# landslide, the Batong2# landslide, the Shangtian Town North landslide, the Xatian landslide, the Tian San landslide, the Gangjian landslide, the Yanggou landslide, the Kara landslide, the Xiama Jindian landslide and the Lawn landslide. The total volume of landslide is greater than 6.19 脳 10 ~ 8m ~ (3). (2) the landslide shows the regularity of linear distribution along the river flow and along the fault zone on the plane, and the main stream is more than the tributary, and the right bank of the Yalong River is more than the left bank. This elevation is the slope break of the Yalong River from the wide valley to the canyon. (3) three landslides were formed in the Holocene 11 million years ago (Holocene), 8 landslides were formed in the late Pleistocene years (late Pleistocene), and only 2 landslides were formed in 40, 012. 6 million years ago (late renewal). Early in the world); from which we can infer, From the late Quaternary to the early Holocene, the Neotectonic movement in the basin was intense, the climate changed dramatically and the geological disasters occurred frequently. (4) according to the relationship between the sliding surface and the plane, there were 9 bedding landslides, 4 shearing landslides, and 4 landslides according to the thickness of the slip body. There are 3 middle-level landslides, 5 deep landslides and 5 ultra-deep landslides, one large landslide and 12 super large landslides according to the volume of landslide body, 3 old landslides developed according to the occurrence age of landslide, Ten paleo-landslides are developed. (5) finite element method (FEM) and discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) are used to simulate the formation and evolution of typical landslides in the study area. The simulation results are in good agreement with the field geological survey and geological analysis. (6) the conceptual model of landslide formation control factors and genetic mechanism in Kara area is summarized. The landslide formation is mainly caused by rock and soil properties and lithology combination. The geological structure, neotectonic movement and surface groundwater are controlled by four factors, the four types of landslide genesis mechanism in Kara area are: slip-bending type, along-layer slip-tension type, and so on, and the four types of landslide genesis mechanism in Kara area are: sliding-bending type, along-layer slip-tension type, and so on Bending-fracture slip-tension composite type and step-like slip-tension type.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22

【引证文献】