“带外脉式”钨矿床成矿模型——以湖南白云仙钨矿田头天门矿床为例

发布时间：2018-07-12 13:10

本文选题：地质学 + 钨矿　；参考：《矿床地质》2017年01期

【摘要】：石英脉型钨矿床是南岭钨矿成矿带的主要矿床类型,含钨石英脉产于成矿花岗岩顶部的接触带附近,其中"带外脉式"的石英脉几乎全部产于接触带外侧。湖南白云仙钨矿田头天门钨矿床发育较完整的"带外脉式"钨矿矿化组合和空间分带,主要矿化类型包括花岗岩型和石英脉型,前者分布于岩墙上部,后者发育于上方外侧的砂岩中。笔者研究了头天门钨矿床中花岗岩和各类矿体的地质地球化学特征,探讨了岩浆演化与钨的富集成矿过程。提出头天门钨矿床粗粒斑状黑云母花岗岩→细粒碱长花岗岩岩株→岩墙→云英岩化花岗岩→云英岩→石英脉的岩浆-热液演化-成矿全过程,成矿流体表现出"上液下浆"的分带特点。在岩墙形成前的演化过程中,成矿元素的富集主要受岩浆晚期分异作用的制约,岩墙之后的演化则主要受热液作用的影响。成矿地质体为细粒碱长花岗岩岩株以及上部的岩墙。建立了带外脉式型钨矿床成矿模型,形成机制主要为:在岩浆固结之前,岩浆中的挥发分和H2O在岩体顶部聚集引起围岩破裂,岩浆充填形成岩墙,挥发分和成矿物质在岩墙上部聚集形成花岗岩型(云英岩型)钨矿,并在外侧形成石英脉型钨矿。
[Abstract]:The quartz vein type tungsten deposit is the main deposit type of the Nanling tungsten metallogenic belt. The tungsten bearing quartz vein occurs near the contact zone at the top of the ore-forming granite, in which the "outer vein" quartz vein almost all occurs outside the contact zone. The Tianmen tungsten deposit of Baiyunxian tungsten deposit in Hunan Province has developed relatively complete "external vein type" tungsten mineralization assemblage and spatial zoning. The main mineralization types include granite type and quartz vein type, the former is distributed on the rock wall. The latter is developed in sandstone on the outer side of the upper side. The authors have studied the geological and geochemical characteristics of granites and various orebodies in the Tou Tianmen tungsten deposit and discussed the magmatic evolution and the enrichment and mineralization of tungsten. The magma hydrothermal evolution and metallogenic process of the coarse grained porphyritic biotite granitoids in the Toutianmen tungsten deposit are presented in this paper. The ore-forming fluid shows the zonation characteristic of "upper liquid and lower slurry". During the evolution process before the formation of the rock wall, the enrichment of ore-forming elements is mainly restricted by the differentiation of the late magma, while the evolution behind the rock wall is mainly affected by the hydrothermal process. The ore-forming geological body is fine grained alkali feldspar granite and the upper rock wall. A metallogenic model of the external vein type tungsten deposit is established. The formation mechanism is as follows: before the magmatic consolidation, the volatile matter and H _ 2O in the magma gather at the top of the rock mass to cause the surrounding rock to rupture, and the magma fills up the formation of the rock wall. Volatile matter and ore-forming material gather in the wall to form granite type (quartz type) tungsten ore and quartz vein type tungsten ore is formed on the outer side.
【作者单位】：北京矿产地质研究院;北京核工业地质研究院;有色金属矿产地质调查中心;
【基金】：中国地质调查局Ⅱ级地质调查项目(编号:DD20160072) 国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(编号:201411024) 国家科技支撑课题(编号:2011BAB04B08) 中国地质调查局工作项目(编号:12120113086300) 全国危机矿山接替资源找矿项目(编号:20089927)联合资助
【分类号】：P618.67

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