基于局部相关谱约束的多道匹配追踪算法识别微地震信号

发布时间：2018-07-13 15:24

【摘要】：多道匹配追踪算法是将地震记录中的每一道信号分解成一系列相同位移参数、频率参数及相位参数但振幅不同的匹配原子的线性组合。在地震剖面中,有效信号往往具有一定的方向性。为了利用信号的方向性等特征,提出了基于局部相关谱约束的多道匹配跟踪算法。利用局部窗口内的相关谱作为权重,对每次匹配跟踪的方向进行约束,对模拟以及实际的三分量微地震信号分别采用传统的多道匹配跟踪算法和本文提出的方法进行处理。为了验证该算法的准确性及可行性,采用STA/LTA算法对其结果进行事件拾取对比分析,结果表明基于相关谱约束的多道匹配跟踪算法能显著提高微震信号的信噪比,在一定程度上降低了微震事件误判的机率,且使STA/LTA算法的峰值提高1.2倍左右,提高了微震事件检测的可能性,可较为准确地识别出微震信号。
[Abstract]:Multi-track matching tracing algorithm is a linear combination of matching atoms with different amplitudes, which decomposes each signal in seismic records into a series of identical displacement parameters, frequency parameters and phase parameters. In seismic profiles, effective signals often have a certain directionality. In order to make use of the directional characteristics of signals, a multi-track matching tracking algorithm based on local correlation spectrum constraints is proposed. Using the correlation spectrum in the local window as the weight, the direction of each matching tracking is constrained, and the traditional multi-track matching tracking algorithm and the method proposed in this paper are used to deal with the simulated and the actual three-component micro-seismic signals, respectively. In order to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the algorithm, the STA-LTA algorithm is used to compare and analyze the results of event pickup. The results show that the multi-channel matching tracking algorithm based on correlation spectrum constraints can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of microseismic signals. To a certain extent, the probability of misjudgment of microseismic events is reduced, and the peak value of STAP / LTA algorithm is raised about 1.2 times, and the possibility of microseismic event detection is improved, and the microseismic signals can be recognized more accurately.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(武汉)地球内部多尺度成像湖北省重点实验室;中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院;中国石化胜利油田分公司物探研究院;
【基金】：国家高技术研究“863”发展计划课题“陆上非一致性时延地震、微地震油藏监测方法研究”(2011AA060303)资助
【分类号】：P631.4

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