头寨岩崩启动机理研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 15:43
【摘要】：峨眉山玄武岩在云南地区较常见,且云南地区地质构造应力复杂,造就了群山绵绵的高山峡谷。高山峡谷区岩崩灾害的发生频率较高,岩崩是发生在高山峡谷地区具有很强的破坏力的岩体物质特殊坡移现象,具有破坏性强,监控难度大,涉及范围大,骤然爆发的特点,研究岩崩启动机理具有很强的科学和实践指导意义,但目前为止并没有一个详细系统的理论来解释岩崩的启动机理。头寨岩崩是非常典型的岩崩例子,本文就以头寨岩崩为依托,研究头寨岩崩的启动机理具有很强的科学意义,研究具体内容及结论如下：(1)通过反演滑体首次撞击山谷谷底或谷坡的冲击速度是决定岩崩运移距离及危害性的关键因素。根据冲击动力学原理,导出了包含崩滑体几何参数、崩滑体及其撞击对象物理力学参数的冲击速度的计算公式,由此计算云南昭通头寨岩崩滑体首次撞击谷坡或周围的风化残积土冲击速度为80.21 m/s。基于能量守恒原理,给出了冲击速度与崩滑体弹冲速度的关系,据此计算的头寨岩崩弹冲速度为5.2 m/s。综合分析表明,崩滑体撞击谷底或谷坡后产生岩崩碎屑流的运移速度受到崩滑体质量、密度、弹性模量、冲击方向与坡面的夹角,斜坡残积土密度、滑裂面底边长等因素的共同影响。(2)调查并具体认识头寨岩崩所在的区域大地构造和区内构造以及水文地质的分布情况,分析玄武岩层间构造的类似沉积岩的层理构造,分析玄武岩类似沉积岩的层理与层理之间的软弱结构面对岩崩启动的影响做全方位的认识。赋存于北北东向线状褶皱翼部的P2β呈倾斜状态是其发生大规模顺层失稳的前提和基础；大致沿向斜短轴方向发育的纵向河流的支流在剥离P2p盖层,为P2p失稳创造临空环境的同时,其河道也为P2p向下运移及堆积提供了通道和场所。线性褶皱是赋存P2β最主要的构造形式；峨眉山玄武岩的形成机理中岩浆岩喷发有其潜在的规律,每次喷发之前都应该在原来喷发冷凝面上,其两次喷发面之间的层面相对比较软弱,是易于转换为易于滑动的滑裂面。(3)当锁固段岩体厚度大而且由坚硬岩体构成时,在前半部岩体的庞大的推力下,边坡内部积聚了很大的剪切变性能,当锁固段岩体被突然被剪断时,整个岩崩系统在启动时瞬间释放了大量的能量,此能量远远大于岩石的破碎所需要的能量,超过的部分,将转化为岩崩启动时的动能,进而获得较高的启程弹冲速度。通过其理论分析正演推算其锁固段岩体在发生明显位移时,其释放的能量转为动能,计算其启程弹冲速度为5.6 m/s。(4)从微观角度去考虑玄武岩所组成的矿物晶体在切晶断裂时释放的内能,其矿物晶体切晶断裂时所释放的内能也是剪切弹性形变能宏观表现形式,并初步算出其内能,其内能转化为其动能进而获得其较高速度。(5)调查头寨岩崩启动前期降雨量,分析降雨量对岩崩的启动的影响,并提出降雨不是头寨岩崩诱发的直接因素,只是起到了增加锁固段滑体重力的作用。
[Abstract]:Mount Emei basalt is more common in Yunnan area, and the geological tectonic stress in Yunnan is complex, which makes the mountains and mountains canyon. The frequency of rock avalanche disasters in the high mountain canyon area is high. The rock avalanche is a very destructive rock mass shift phenomenon which has strong destructive force in the high mountain canyon area, which is destructive and difficult to monitor. It is of great scientific and practical guiding significance to study the initiation mechanism of rock avalanche, but at present there is no detailed systematic theory to explain the initiation mechanism of the rock avalanche. The head village rock avalanche is a very typical example of the rock avalanche. This paper is based on the rock avalanche in the head village and studies the starting mechanism of the head village rock avalanche. It is of great scientific significance. The specific contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the impact velocity of the first impact of the slide body on the valley bottom or the valley slope is the key factor determining the movement distance and harmfulness of the rock avalanche. According to the principle of the impact dynamics, the geometric parameters of the avalanche, the slide body and the physical and mechanical parameters of the impact object are derived. The impact velocity of the impact velocity is calculated, and the impact velocity of the first impact valley slope or surrounding weathered residual soil in Zhaotong, Yunnan, Yunnan, is based on the principle of energy conservation, and the relationship between the impact velocity and the velocity of the slide body is given. The calculation of the velocity of the head village rock avalanche is 5.2 m/s. comprehensive analysis. The movement speed of the rock debris flow after the body hits the valley bottom or the valley slope is influenced by the mass, density, modulus of elasticity, the angle of the impact direction and the slope, the density of the slope and the length of the bottom of the slide. (2) investigate and understand the regional tectonics, the structure of the region and the hydrogeology in the head village rock avalanche. The stratigraphic structure of the similar sedimentary rocks in the basalt interlayer structure is analyzed, and the analysis of the influence of the weak structure between the bedding and the bedding of the basalt like sedimentary rocks in the face of the impact of the rock avalanche starts. The branch of the longitudinal River along the short axis of the syncline is stripped of the P2p cover, which creates an air environment for the P2p instability, while the channel also provides the channel and place for the downward migration and accumulation of P2p. The linear fold is the most important structural form of P2 beta, and the eruption of the magmatic rocks in the formation mechanism of Emei Yanxuan Takeiwa has the eruption of magmatic rocks. The potential law should be on the original spray condensation surface before each eruption, and its two eruption surface is relatively weak, which is easy to convert into sliding surface. (3) when the rock mass is thick and is made up of hard rock mass, the interior of the slope has accumulated a lot under the huge thrust of the front half of the rock mass. When the rock mass of the locking section is suddenly cut off, the whole rock avalanche system releases a lot of energy in a moment when the rock mass is started. This energy is far greater than the energy needed for the rock breaking. The excess part will be transformed into the kinetic energy at the start of the rock avalanche, and then the higher velocity of the starting projectile is obtained. The energy released by the rock mass in the locking segment is converted to kinetic energy when the rock mass has obvious displacement, and its starting projectile velocity is calculated to be 5.6 m/s. (4). The internal energy released by the mineral crystal formed by the basalt in the tangent fracture is considered from the microscopic angle. The internal energy released by the crystal shear fracture of the mineral crystal is also the macroscopic expression of the shear elastic deformation. The internal energy is preliminarily calculated, its internal energy is converted to its kinetic energy and its higher speed is obtained. (5) to investigate the rainfall in the early stage of the head village rock avalanche, and to analyze the effect of rainfall on the start of the rock avalanche, and put forward that the rainfall is not the direct factor induced by the rock avalanche in the head village, but the effect of increasing the gravity of the slide body in the locking section is increased.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P642.2
，
本文编号：2122130
[Abstract]:Mount Emei basalt is more common in Yunnan area, and the geological tectonic stress in Yunnan is complex, which makes the mountains and mountains canyon. The frequency of rock avalanche disasters in the high mountain canyon area is high. The rock avalanche is a very destructive rock mass shift phenomenon which has strong destructive force in the high mountain canyon area, which is destructive and difficult to monitor. It is of great scientific and practical guiding significance to study the initiation mechanism of rock avalanche, but at present there is no detailed systematic theory to explain the initiation mechanism of the rock avalanche. The head village rock avalanche is a very typical example of the rock avalanche. This paper is based on the rock avalanche in the head village and studies the starting mechanism of the head village rock avalanche. It is of great scientific significance. The specific contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the impact velocity of the first impact of the slide body on the valley bottom or the valley slope is the key factor determining the movement distance and harmfulness of the rock avalanche. According to the principle of the impact dynamics, the geometric parameters of the avalanche, the slide body and the physical and mechanical parameters of the impact object are derived. The impact velocity of the impact velocity is calculated, and the impact velocity of the first impact valley slope or surrounding weathered residual soil in Zhaotong, Yunnan, Yunnan, is based on the principle of energy conservation, and the relationship between the impact velocity and the velocity of the slide body is given. The calculation of the velocity of the head village rock avalanche is 5.2 m/s. comprehensive analysis. The movement speed of the rock debris flow after the body hits the valley bottom or the valley slope is influenced by the mass, density, modulus of elasticity, the angle of the impact direction and the slope, the density of the slope and the length of the bottom of the slide. (2) investigate and understand the regional tectonics, the structure of the region and the hydrogeology in the head village rock avalanche. The stratigraphic structure of the similar sedimentary rocks in the basalt interlayer structure is analyzed, and the analysis of the influence of the weak structure between the bedding and the bedding of the basalt like sedimentary rocks in the face of the impact of the rock avalanche starts. The branch of the longitudinal River along the short axis of the syncline is stripped of the P2p cover, which creates an air environment for the P2p instability, while the channel also provides the channel and place for the downward migration and accumulation of P2p. The linear fold is the most important structural form of P2 beta, and the eruption of the magmatic rocks in the formation mechanism of Emei Yanxuan Takeiwa has the eruption of magmatic rocks. The potential law should be on the original spray condensation surface before each eruption, and its two eruption surface is relatively weak, which is easy to convert into sliding surface. (3) when the rock mass is thick and is made up of hard rock mass, the interior of the slope has accumulated a lot under the huge thrust of the front half of the rock mass. When the rock mass of the locking section is suddenly cut off, the whole rock avalanche system releases a lot of energy in a moment when the rock mass is started. This energy is far greater than the energy needed for the rock breaking. The excess part will be transformed into the kinetic energy at the start of the rock avalanche, and then the higher velocity of the starting projectile is obtained. The energy released by the rock mass in the locking segment is converted to kinetic energy when the rock mass has obvious displacement, and its starting projectile velocity is calculated to be 5.6 m/s. (4). The internal energy released by the mineral crystal formed by the basalt in the tangent fracture is considered from the microscopic angle. The internal energy released by the crystal shear fracture of the mineral crystal is also the macroscopic expression of the shear elastic deformation. The internal energy is preliminarily calculated, its internal energy is converted to its kinetic energy and its higher speed is obtained. (5) to investigate the rainfall in the early stage of the head village rock avalanche, and to analyze the effect of rainfall on the start of the rock avalanche, and put forward that the rainfall is not the direct factor induced by the rock avalanche in the head village, but the effect of increasing the gravity of the slide body in the locking section is increased.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P642.2
，
本文编号：2122130
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