大西安地裂缝危险性区划研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 07:21
【摘要】：大西安地处关中平原渭河断陷盆地中部,基底构造复杂,断裂活动强烈,是我国地裂缝灾害发育最严重的地区之一。随着西部大开发、“丝绸之路经济带”等国家级战略的提出与实施,大西安城市建设的科学规划与协同发展上升到了前所未有的高度。因此对该区域进行地裂缝危险性区划具有十分重要的现实意义。本文以现有各类基础、水文、灾害、工程地质资料为依托,采用地面调查填图、钻探、槽探、地理信息系统分析等方法,结合野外实地调查成果,总结了大西安地裂缝的分布规律、活动特性和破坏效应等特征。采用层次分析法,抓住浅表土层不均匀变形是导致地裂缝发生的本质,围绕产生不均匀变形的地质环境和条件,引入“差异化思维”的主导思想,对大西安地裂缝危险性区划的评价指标进行了选取和量化,确定了地形地貌、岩土体类型、断裂活动性、地裂缝密度、地裂缝活动性等13个因素的评价指标体系。基于MapGIS软件平台,通过叠加各地质专题图层对大西安地裂缝进行了危险性区划。区划结果显示,大西安地裂缝危险性大区的面积为1080.22km2,占全区面积7.05%;危险性中区的面积为8487.2km2,占全区面积55.43%;危险性小区的面积为5745.58km2,占全区面积37.52%。根据不同结构、不同功能建(构)筑物对地质环境适应能力的差异,在大西安地裂缝危险性区划的基础上,提出了大西安城市建设的合理布局规划,为区域规划及政府决策提供了科学依据和重要参考。
[Abstract]:Located in the middle of Weihe fault basin of Guanzhong Plain, Daxian is one of the most serious areas of ground fissure disaster in China, with complex basement structure and strong fault activity. With the development of the western region and the national strategy of "Silk Road Economic Belt", the scientific planning and coordinated development of the city construction in Xi'an has risen to an unprecedented height. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out the dangerous zoning of ground fractures in this area. Based on the existing data of hydrology, disaster and engineering geology, this paper adopts the methods of ground survey mapping, drilling, trench exploration, GIS analysis and so on, and combines the results of field investigation. The distribution law, activity characteristic and damage effect of the ground fissures in Xi'an are summarized. By using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the essence of the ground fissure is to grasp the uneven deformation of the shallow soil layer, and the dominant idea of "differential thinking" is introduced around the geological environment and conditions that produce the uneven deformation. This paper selects and quantifies the evaluation indexes of the dangerous division of ground fissures in Xi'an, and determines the evaluation index system of 13 factors, such as topography and geomorphology, types of rock and soil, activity of fracture, density of ground fissures, activity of ground fissures, etc. Based on the MapGIS software platform, the dangerous division of the ground fissures in Xi'an is carried out by superposing the special maps of various places. The results show that the area of the dangerous area is 1080.22km2, the area of the middle area is 8487.2km2, the area of the dangerous area is 55.43km2, the area of the dangerous district is 5745.58km2, the whole area is 37.52. According to the difference of the adaptability of different structures and functions to geological environment, on the basis of the dangerous regionalization of ground fissures in Xi'an, the rational layout planning of urban construction in Xi'an is put forward. It provides scientific basis and important reference for regional planning and government decision-making.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.26
本文编号：2123282
[Abstract]:Located in the middle of Weihe fault basin of Guanzhong Plain, Daxian is one of the most serious areas of ground fissure disaster in China, with complex basement structure and strong fault activity. With the development of the western region and the national strategy of "Silk Road Economic Belt", the scientific planning and coordinated development of the city construction in Xi'an has risen to an unprecedented height. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out the dangerous zoning of ground fractures in this area. Based on the existing data of hydrology, disaster and engineering geology, this paper adopts the methods of ground survey mapping, drilling, trench exploration, GIS analysis and so on, and combines the results of field investigation. The distribution law, activity characteristic and damage effect of the ground fissures in Xi'an are summarized. By using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the essence of the ground fissure is to grasp the uneven deformation of the shallow soil layer, and the dominant idea of "differential thinking" is introduced around the geological environment and conditions that produce the uneven deformation. This paper selects and quantifies the evaluation indexes of the dangerous division of ground fissures in Xi'an, and determines the evaluation index system of 13 factors, such as topography and geomorphology, types of rock and soil, activity of fracture, density of ground fissures, activity of ground fissures, etc. Based on the MapGIS software platform, the dangerous division of the ground fissures in Xi'an is carried out by superposing the special maps of various places. The results show that the area of the dangerous area is 1080.22km2, the area of the middle area is 8487.2km2, the area of the dangerous area is 55.43km2, the area of the dangerous district is 5745.58km2, the whole area is 37.52. According to the difference of the adaptability of different structures and functions to geological environment, on the basis of the dangerous regionalization of ground fissures in Xi'an, the rational layout planning of urban construction in Xi'an is put forward. It provides scientific basis and important reference for regional planning and government decision-making.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.26
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