基于图像特征的危岩识别方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 08:33

【摘要】：危岩失稳引起的崩塌灾害是自然长期发展衍变而来的,崩塌灾害给我国基建和交通都会带来很多不利影响。建设过程中崩塌会影响施工安全,运营过程中公路沿线的崩塌会造成交通中断。目前对危岩体和崩塌的研究较多,但大都偏于理论分析计算,无法快速判断危岩体的稳定程度。所以,研究一种基于危岩体外观特性和图像特征的危岩快速识别方法是必要的。论文探讨了危岩的形成机理,归纳出危岩体的失稳运动模式,详细分析了各种失稳类型危岩体的图像特征,并依据图像特征对危岩体分类进行细化。分析了各类危岩体的受力特征,总结出危岩体维持其稳定的稳定因素和加快其失稳的失稳因素,建立了危岩体的环境影响因素库。论文将危岩失稳视作失稳趋势和环境条件共同作用的结果,并提出了表征岩石失稳趋势的评价指数GSI(几何稳定指数)和表征环境影响程度的评价指数EII(环境影响指数)。在此基础上,提出了GSI和EII的计算方法,研究分析了GSI和EII之间的关系,提出了岩石的稳定性评价指数RSI(岩石稳定指数)及其计算公式。论文主要内容包括:(1)深入分析了危岩的形成机理和发展模式,对危岩体进行了统一分类。按照其失稳运动趋势分为五个大类,在失稳趋势大类基础上,依据图像特征又细分为十六个小类。(2)基于危岩体的图像特征,进行受力分析,提出导致危岩体失稳的失稳因素和维持危岩体稳定的稳定因素,建立了影响因素库。(3)在研究岩石结构面产状信息获取方法的基础上,基于极射赤平投影,对岩石的结构面信息进行分析,判断岩石的失稳趋势获取岩石的GSI。研究危岩体的稳定因素和失稳因素,提出了危岩体环境影响因素打分表和EII的计算方法。(4)提出了岩石的GSI、EII、RSI及其计算方法。
[Abstract]:The collapse disaster caused by unstable rock is the result of the natural long-term development. The collapse disaster will bring a lot of adverse effects to the construction and traffic of our country. Collapse in the construction process will affect the construction safety, and the collapse along the highway will cause traffic disruption in the course of operation. At present, there are many researches on dangerous rock mass and collapse, but most of them are based on theoretical analysis and calculation, so it is impossible to judge the stability of dangerous rock mass quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to study a fast identification method based on the appearance and image characteristics of dangerous rock mass. In this paper, the formation mechanism of dangerous rock mass is discussed, the unstable movement model of dangerous rock mass is concluded, the image features of various unstable rock masses are analyzed in detail, and the classification of dangerous rock mass is refined according to the image characteristics. The stress characteristics of various dangerous rock masses are analyzed, and the stable factors to maintain their stability and the unstable factors to accelerate their instability are summarized, and the environmental influence factors database of dangerous rock mass is established. In this paper, the instability of dangerous rock is regarded as the result of the combination of instability trend and environmental conditions, and the evaluation index GSI (geometric stability index) and EII (environmental impact index) are proposed to characterize the instability trend of rock. On this basis, the calculation method of GSI and EII is put forward, the relationship between GSI and EII is analyzed, and the rock stability evaluation index RSI (rock stability index) and its calculation formula are put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the formation mechanism and development model of dangerous rock are analyzed, and the dangerous rock mass is classified uniformly. According to the trend of instability motion, it is divided into five categories. On the basis of the large category of instability trend, it is subdivided into sixteen sub-categories according to the image features. (2) based on the image features of dangerous rock mass, the force is analyzed. The unstable factors of unstable rock mass and the stable factors of maintaining the stability of dangerous rock mass are put forward, and the influence factor database is established. (3) on the basis of studying the method of obtaining information of occurrence of rock structure plane, based on the projection of polar plane, Based on the analysis of the structural plane information of rock, the GSI of rock can be obtained by judging the trend of rock instability. In this paper, the stability and instability factors of dangerous rock mass are studied, and the classification table of environmental influence factors of dangerous rock mass and the calculation method of EII are put forward. (4) the GSI EII RSI of rock and its calculation method are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U418.5;P642.21

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