渭河盆地北缘口镇—关山断裂活动性研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 01:02
【摘要】：本文以陕西省地震局所承接的《关中大震危险性评价》项目为依托,对口镇—关山断裂活动性进行综合研究。口镇—关山断裂是渭河盆地北缘一条重要的边界断裂,是渭河盆地北缘与鄂尔多斯地块南缘的构造分界线。断裂的活动性控制盆地及周围构造单元的发育演化,同时断裂活动会影响盆地稳定性,引发地震等次生灾害,从而造成生命安全问题与城市破坏,所以对断裂活动性的研究具有重要的科学意义与现实意义。本次研究结合前人研究成果与区域构造背景,对口镇—关山断裂地形地貌与露头剖面进行了详细踏勘,并在断裂面采集碎裂岩定向标本,磨制薄片并开展断层碎裂岩显微构造观察分析,综合分析解释断裂构造演化与活动期次。同时对断裂进行了钻孔联合剖面分析,提供研究断裂几何学与运动学特征的证据,再根据高分辨地震折射剖面与跨断层水准测量得到断裂基底延伸特征和近年垂直活动速率。综合分析认为：口镇—关山断裂区域上经历先期挤压性质的构造作用,可能包括古老的加里东期、燕山期构造作用；在此基础上又经历了喜山期拉张作用,新老构造叠加改造形成了现今的口镇—关山断裂。受到印度洋板块与太平洋板块运动远程效应影响,鄂尔多斯地块具有左旋运动性质,口镇—关山断裂现今仍处在持续拉张背景下,并且断裂活动性具有西强东弱的特征。近年来东部活动性有增强趋势,因此断裂在未来具有引发有感地震或中震的可能性。
[Abstract]:Based on the project of Guanzhong earthquake risk Assessment undertaken by Shaanxi Seismological Bureau, this paper makes a comprehensive study on the activity of the Zhenzhou-Guanshan fault. Kouzhen-Guanshan fault is an important boundary fault in the north margin of Weihe basin and the structural boundary between the north margin of Weihe basin and the southern margin of Ordos block. The activity of the fault controls the development and evolution of the basin and its surrounding tectonic units. At the same time, the activity of the fault will affect the stability of the basin, cause secondary disasters such as earthquakes, and thus lead to life safety problems and urban destruction. Therefore, the study of fault activity has important scientific and practical significance. Combined with the previous research results and regional tectonic background, the topographic and geomorphological features and outcrop sections of the Zhenzhou-Guanshan fault have been investigated in detail, and the directional specimens of clastic rocks have been collected on the fault surface. The microstructures of faulted clastic rocks were observed and analyzed to explain the evolution and active stages of fault structures. At the same time, the fracture joint section is analyzed, which provides evidence for studying the geometric and kinematic characteristics of the fault. The extension characteristics of the fault basement and the vertical activity rate in recent years are obtained according to the high-resolution seismic refraction profile and the cross-fault leveling. The comprehensive analysis shows that the Kou Zhen-Guanshan fault area experienced a pre-compressional tectonic process, which may include the ancient Caledonian and Yanshanian tectonics, and on this basis experienced the Himalayan extensional process. The new and old structures were superimposed to form the present-day Kou Zhen-Guanshan fault. Influenced by the remote effect of the Indian Ocean plate and the Pacific plate movement, the Ordos block has the property of left-handed movement, and the Kou Zhen-Guanshan fault is still in the continuous extensional background, and the fault activity is characterized by the west strong and the east weak. In recent years, there is an increasing trend of activity in the eastern part of China, so the fault has the possibility of triggering a felt earthquake or a moderate earthquake in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P315.2
[Abstract]:Based on the project of Guanzhong earthquake risk Assessment undertaken by Shaanxi Seismological Bureau, this paper makes a comprehensive study on the activity of the Zhenzhou-Guanshan fault. Kouzhen-Guanshan fault is an important boundary fault in the north margin of Weihe basin and the structural boundary between the north margin of Weihe basin and the southern margin of Ordos block. The activity of the fault controls the development and evolution of the basin and its surrounding tectonic units. At the same time, the activity of the fault will affect the stability of the basin, cause secondary disasters such as earthquakes, and thus lead to life safety problems and urban destruction. Therefore, the study of fault activity has important scientific and practical significance. Combined with the previous research results and regional tectonic background, the topographic and geomorphological features and outcrop sections of the Zhenzhou-Guanshan fault have been investigated in detail, and the directional specimens of clastic rocks have been collected on the fault surface. The microstructures of faulted clastic rocks were observed and analyzed to explain the evolution and active stages of fault structures. At the same time, the fracture joint section is analyzed, which provides evidence for studying the geometric and kinematic characteristics of the fault. The extension characteristics of the fault basement and the vertical activity rate in recent years are obtained according to the high-resolution seismic refraction profile and the cross-fault leveling. The comprehensive analysis shows that the Kou Zhen-Guanshan fault area experienced a pre-compressional tectonic process, which may include the ancient Caledonian and Yanshanian tectonics, and on this basis experienced the Himalayan extensional process. The new and old structures were superimposed to form the present-day Kou Zhen-Guanshan fault. Influenced by the remote effect of the Indian Ocean plate and the Pacific plate movement, the Ordos block has the property of left-handed movement, and the Kou Zhen-Guanshan fault is still in the continuous extensional background, and the fault activity is characterized by the west strong and the east weak. In recent years, there is an increasing trend of activity in the eastern part of China, so the fault has the possibility of triggering a felt earthquake or a moderate earthquake in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P315.2
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