天然气水合物地震识别软件研发及应用

发布时间：2018-07-17 06:38

【摘要】：随着石油、天然气等传统能源的日益短缺,天然气水合物被公认为未来化石燃料的理想替代能源。它的识别技术研究及相应的软件开发对于天然气水合物的资源评价及后续开采等工作有重要的参考意义。然而,现有的商业软件无法对天然气水合物进行有效可靠的识别。而单一的依靠地震波的反射特征等方法也存在多解性和局限性。需要在此基础上研究地震的多属性联合识别技术。天然气气体在地震体上的响应特征并不是单一的,而是一个宏观上有联系的统一体。从深部到浅部受影响的地震属性或响应特征分别为:品质因子(渗透率),相干性,弹性参数(横波,纵波,密度),羽状流。研究出一套可以估算以上这些属性的软件系统并将结果呈现出来,与地震资料进行综合对比,可以有效地检测出实际地下的气体存在情况,有利于分析天然气水合物的空间分布,可为其勘探提供科学的参考依据。作为天然气水合物识别课题组的一员,我的研究内容是将课题组新提出的水合物识别方法进行吸收理解,根据软件开发的需要编入软件系统中,使理论方法可以实用化,适用于常规的地震资料反演。在原软件系统的纵横波增量比法和AVO反演法的基础上增加了地震多属性反演法,即层间品质因子,弹性参数,相干性等识别方法。除此之外,在软件实际操作中,有些原软件模块不再与研究项目的需求匹配,需要针对缺陷进行改进完善,重新构建和优化软件的结构和功能,增加其实用性。对于地震数据的操作也要改进,实现二维数据向三维数据拓展,这是研究项目的需求,也是平面大范围分析水合物成藏的需求。所以,作者基于Qt平台,研发出一套功能丰富、容易操作且能够跨平台运行的天然气水合物地震识别软件。模块与模块之间功能相辅相成,实现从海底地层,海底面到海水的综合分析系统,专门用于天然气水合物的识别。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of traditional energy such as oil and natural gas, natural gas hydrate is recognized as the ideal alternative energy for fossil fuels in the future. The research of its identification technology and the corresponding software development are of great significance for the evaluation of natural gas hydrate resources and subsequent exploitation. However, existing commercial software is unable to identify gas hydrate effectively and reliably. The single method based on the reflection characteristics of seismic waves also has many solutions and limitations. On this basis, we need to study the multi-attribute joint identification technology of earthquakes. The response characteristics of natural gas on earthquake body are not single, but a macro-connected entity. The seismic attributes or response characteristics affected from deep to shallow are: quality factor (permeability), coherence, elastic parameters (shear wave, longitudinal wave, density), plume flow. A software system that can estimate these attributes and present the results is developed, and compared with seismic data, the existence of actual underground gas can be effectively detected. It is helpful to analyze the spatial distribution of gas hydrate and provide scientific reference for its exploration. As a member of the natural gas hydrate recognition group, my research content is to absorb and understand the new hydrate recognition method proposed by the research group, and program it into the software system according to the need of software development, so that the theoretical method can be applied. It is suitable for conventional seismic data inversion. Based on the P-S wave increment ratio method and AVO inversion method of the original software system, the seismic multi-attribute inversion method is added, that is, the identification method of interlayer quality factor, elastic parameter, coherence and so on. In addition, in the actual operation of the software, some original software modules no longer match the requirements of the research project, so it is necessary to improve and perfect the defects, rebuild and optimize the structure and function of the software, and increase its practicability. The operation of seismic data should also be improved to realize the expansion of 2D data to 3D data, which is the requirement of the research project and the requirement of analyzing hydrate accumulation on a large scale. Therefore, based on QT platform, the author has developed a set of natural gas hydrate seismic identification software, which is rich in function, easy to operate and can run across platforms. The functions of the modules are complementary to each other, and a comprehensive analysis system from the undersea strata, the seabed surface to the sea water is realized, which is specially used for the identification of gas hydrate.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;P631.4

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