黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组黑色岩系页岩气富集条件与分布特征

发布时间：2018-07-20 21:54

【摘要】：本论文以黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组黑色岩系为重点,通过对大量剖面、钻井、试验数据等资料进行系统分析,深入研究富有机质泥岩岩石分类命名方案、有机地化特征、储层特征、含气量控制因素、保存系统等,总结页岩气成藏富集条件及分布特征。(1)通过粒度分析试验,黔北地区上奥陶-下龙马溪组黑色岩系的岩性主要以泥岩为主;通过岩石矿物组分分析,以有机碳、石英+长石、自生矿物、粘土矿物等作为参与命名考虑的主要因素,在前人的分类标准基础上,重新确立了适合黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组黑色岩系的岩石分类命名方案。(2)根据岩石组合、沉积构造、生物组合等,对黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组富有机质泥岩的沉积微相进行划分;在此基础上,编制了相应的沉积微相岩相古地理图,同时确定了有利的沉积微相带及其宏观展布。(3)掌握了黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组富有机质泥岩的纵横向分布规律。富有机质泥岩主要位于地层下部,厚度一般小于20m;自南向北,富有机质泥岩的厚度逐渐增厚,在重庆南川-武隆地区,厚度可达60-100m以上,具较好的页岩气勘探潜力。(4)通过有机地球化学分析,黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组富有机质泥岩主要分布于正安-务川以北的地区,有机碳含量以2%~6%为主;干酪根显微组分中以腐泥无定形体及腐泥碎屑体为主,干酪根类型以I型为主,次为II1型;泥岩热演化程度与地层沉积中心相对应,Ro值分布在1.5%~2.2%之间,处于高成熟-过成熟早期阶段,以生成裂解气、干气为主。这些基础数据均表明了黔北北部地区五峰组-龙马溪组富有机质泥岩具有较好的页岩气生烃潜力。(5)储层试验说明,黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组页岩气储层具有高脆性矿物含量、高比表面、低孔-超低渗、微孔隙和裂缝较为发育的特点。通过储层润湿性、储层敏感性和岩石力学性质试验,初步分析了储层改造过程中可能出现的损害及岩石力学参数。五峰-龙马溪组富有机质泥岩亲水、中等-中偏强水敏、强酸敏,与其储层孔渗物性差、毛管压力大有关,实施压裂改造前应进一步优化储层体系。(6)现场解析试验初步证实了五峰组-龙马溪组富有机质泥岩具有较好的含气性,总含气量一般大于1m3/t,最高可达4m3/t;岩芯微裂缝越发育,损失气量+解析气量越高,测录井响应增强,进而表明游离状态的页岩气含量越高,相对完整段残留气含量较高,表明勘探“甜点”主要就是寻找微裂隙发育的富有机质泥岩段。(7)首次针对性的建立了页岩气“保存系统”,探讨了黔北地区区域盖层分布、断层发育程度、地层水类型、温泉点分布及低温热液矿床分布等因素与页岩气保存系统的关系;认为黔北地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组保存系统总体较优,有利保存区域主要分布在正安-务川-沿河以北的远离深断裂的复向斜、地表出露二叠-三叠系地层的区域。(8)最后,以空间展布、生烃潜力、储集特征、保存系统为基础,创建了页岩气“四元体系”,总结了黔北地区页岩气成藏富集条件及分布规律。从矿物组分、有机碳含量、密度、岩石物性等方面分析了富有机质泥岩含气量大小是多个因素综合影响的结果。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the black rock system of the upper Ordovician of the upper Ordovician of the upper Ordovician and the Lower Silurian group in the Lower Silurian, through a systematic analysis of a large number of sections, drilling, test data and other data, and deeply studies the classification and naming scheme of the rich mudstone rock, the characteristics of organic geochemistry, reservoir characteristics, the control factors of the gas content, the preservation system and so on, and sum up the shale. Enrichment conditions and distribution characteristics of gas accumulation. (1) through the grain size analysis test, the main lithology of the upper Ordovician Xialong Maxi formation black rock series in the north of Guizhou Province is mainly mudstone. Through the analysis of rock mineral components, the main factors that are considered as organic carbon, quartz + feldspar, authigenic minerals, clay minerals, etc., are considered as the main factors of the naming. On the basis of this, the rock classification and naming scheme suitable for the upper Ordovician five peak of the upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian group in the Lower Silurian group is reestablished. (2) the sedimentary microfacies of the rich organic mudstones of the upper Ordovician Lower Ordovician and Lower Silurian Long Maxi formation of the upper Ordovician of the Northern Guizhou Province are divided on the basis of the rock assemblage, sedimentary structure and biological assemblage. The sedimentary microfacies paleogeographic map was compiled, and the favorable sedimentary microfacies and its macro distribution were determined. (3) the vertical and horizontal distribution of the rich organic mudstones of the upper Ordovician of the upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian formation of the Lower Silurian group in the north of Guizhou Province were grasped. The rich organic mudstone was mainly located in the lower part of the stratum, and the thickness was generally less than 20m; from south to north, The thickness of the rich shale is thickening, and in the South Sichuan - Wulong area, Chongqing, the thickness can be more than 60-100m. (4) through the organic geochemical analysis, the rich organic mudstone of the upper Ordovician of the upper Ordovician of the lower Ordovician and the Lower Silurian formation in the Lower Silurian group in the north of Guizhou Province is mainly distributed in the area north of Zheng an Wuchuan, and the content of organic carbon Based on 2%~6%, the main kerogen microcomponents are mainly rotten mud and slime detritus, and the type of kerogen is mainly I type and II1 type. The thermal evolution degree of the mudstone is corresponding to the sedimentary center, and the Ro value is distributed between 1.5%~2.2% and is in the high maturity and mature early stage, which can generate the cracked gas and dry gas. These basic data are the basic data. The five peaks of the northern part of Northern Guizhou, the rich shale of the long Ma Xi formation, have good hydrocarbon generation potential. (5) the reservoir tests show that the shale gas reservoir of the upper Ordovician of the upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian formation of the Lower Silurian group in the north of Guizhou Province has high brittle mineral content, high specific surface, low porosity and ultralow permeability, and the characteristics of pore gap and fracture more developed. Through the reservoir wettability, reservoir sensitivity and rock mechanical properties test, the possible damage and rock mechanics parameters in the process of reservoir reconstruction are preliminarily analyzed. The five peak Long Ma Xi formation is rich in hydrophilic, medium to medium strong water sensitivity and strong acid sensitivity. It is related to the poor porosity and permeability of the reservoir and the large pressure of the capillary. The reservoir system is optimized step by step. (6) the field analysis tests have preliminarily confirmed that the five peak group - the rich shale of the long Ma Creek formation has better gas content, the total gas content is generally greater than 1m3/t and up to 4m3/t, the more developed the core microcracks, the higher the amount of gas and the analytical gas, the more the response of the logging is, the more shale gas content in the free state is. High, relatively complete residual gas content is high, indicating that the exploration "dessert" is mainly to find the rich organic mudstone section of micro fissure development. (7) the "preservation system" of shale gas was established for the first time. The distribution of regional caprock, the degree of fault development, the type of formation water, the distribution of hot spring point and the distribution of low temperature hydrothermal deposit in the north of Guizhou Province were discussed. The relationship between the other factors and the shale gas preservation system is that the preservation system of the upper Ordovician of the upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian long MXI formation of the upper Ordovician in the north of Guizhou is generally superior, and the favorable preservation areas are mainly distributed in the complex syncline of the Wuchuan - Wuchuan - along the north of the river and the surface of the two - three - superimposed strata. (8) in the end, the space distribution and hydrocarbon generation On the basis of potential, reservoir characteristics and preservation system, the "four element system" of shale gas is created. The enrichment conditions and distribution rules of shale gas accumulation in the north of Guizhou are summarized. The results of the comprehensive influence of many factors are analyzed from the mineral composition, organic carbon content, density, rock physical property and so on.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13

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