密涿高速公路北京山区段地质灾害特征及危险性评价
发布时间：2018-07-22 19:28
【摘要】：随着我国人口的急剧增加,经济的快速发展,城市规模不断变大,交通条件成为影响城市发展的一个重要因素。近年来,我国的高速公路事业也在蓬勃发展,各省、市相继开展了相当规模的高速公路工程,并在工程实践中积累了大量的成功经验,但同时由于对地质灾害危险性评估以及建设场地适宜性评估工作认识不足,在施工过程中以及竣工通车过程中,都出现了许多意想不到的工程问题。因此,在高速公路建设过程中,如何查明场地地质灾害类型、发育特征及其影响因素,并对地质灾害危险性作出综合评价,确保公路工程持续稳定发展成为城市地质环境研究工作的重要课题,而且意义深远。本文以密涿高速公路北京山区段工程为项目依托,通过现场踏勘及对已有地质基础资料的研究分析,选出重要因子及敏感因子作为评价因子,运用层次分析法(AHP)确定各评价因子权重,并建立模糊综合评判模型,对研究区地质灾害危险性作出综合评价,最后利用Mapgis软件绘制出研究区地质灾害危险性评价分区图。通过对研究区地质环境条件进行研究分析,并着重分析研究了地形地貌、岩土性质、地质构造及地质灾害,提出以地形地貌特征、水文气象及地下水特征、地质构造特征、灾害状况及人类活动作为第一层因子,地形坡度、地形高差、冲沟发育程度、年平均降雨量、地下水特征、岩土体结构、断裂分布密度、地震动峰值加速度、灾害密度、灾害规模及人类活动作为第二层因子,{危险性小,危险性中等,危险性大}作为评价集,建立评价指标体系,采用层次分析法(AHP)确定出各评价因子的权重。将研究区按200m×200m的规格进行正方形网格划分,共划分为1469个小单元,运用模糊综合评判法对研究区各网格单元进行综合评价。利用Mapgis软件绘制出各评价因子剖分图,用excel管理各网格单元属性数据及评价结果数据,并将数据与网格划分图进行连接,最终得到密涿高速公路北京山区段地质灾害危险性综合评价分区图,最终的成果图可为工程建设提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of population and the rapid development of economy, the scale of the city becomes larger and larger, and the traffic condition becomes an important factor that affects the development of the city. In recent years, the expressway industry in our country is also booming. The provinces and cities have carried out a considerable number of expressway projects one after another, and have accumulated a large number of successful experiences in the engineering practice. At the same time, due to the lack of understanding of geological hazard risk assessment and suitability assessment of construction site, many unexpected engineering problems appear during the construction process and the completion and opening to traffic. Therefore, in the process of highway construction, how to find out the types of geological hazards, the characteristics of development and the influencing factors, and make a comprehensive evaluation of the hazards of geological disasters. To ensure the sustainable and stable development of highway engineering has become an important subject in the study of urban geological environment, and has far-reaching significance. Based on the project of Beijing Mountain Section of Mizhuo Expressway, this paper selects important factors and sensitive factors as evaluation factors through site exploration and research and analysis of existing geological foundation data. The weight of each evaluation factor is determined by AHP, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established to make a comprehensive evaluation of the geological hazard risk in the study area. Finally, the zoning map of the geological hazard risk assessment in the study area is drawn by using Mapgis software. Through the study and analysis of the geological environment conditions in the study area, and the emphasis on the analysis and study of the topography, rock and soil properties, geological structure and geological hazards, it is proposed that the characteristics of landform and geomorphology, hydrometeorology and groundwater, geological structure, and geological structure should be taken into account. Disaster status and human activities are the first layer factors, topographic gradient, topographic height difference, gully development degree, annual average rainfall, groundwater characteristics, rock and soil structure, fracture distribution density, peak acceleration of ground motion, disaster density, The scale of disasters and human activities are regarded as the second level factors, {the risk is small, the risk is medium, the risk is great} as the evaluation set, the evaluation index system is established, and the weight of each evaluation factor is determined by AHP. The research area is divided into 1469 small units according to the specification of 200m 脳 200m, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the grid elements in the study area. Using Mapgis software to draw the subdivision diagram of each evaluation factor, using excel to manage the attribute data of each grid cell and the evaluation result data, and connecting the data with the grid partition diagram. Finally, the comprehensive assessment zoning map of geological hazard risk in Beijing mountainous area of Mizhuo Expressway is obtained, and the final result map can be used as a reference for engineering construction.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.22;P694
本文编号：2138333
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of population and the rapid development of economy, the scale of the city becomes larger and larger, and the traffic condition becomes an important factor that affects the development of the city. In recent years, the expressway industry in our country is also booming. The provinces and cities have carried out a considerable number of expressway projects one after another, and have accumulated a large number of successful experiences in the engineering practice. At the same time, due to the lack of understanding of geological hazard risk assessment and suitability assessment of construction site, many unexpected engineering problems appear during the construction process and the completion and opening to traffic. Therefore, in the process of highway construction, how to find out the types of geological hazards, the characteristics of development and the influencing factors, and make a comprehensive evaluation of the hazards of geological disasters. To ensure the sustainable and stable development of highway engineering has become an important subject in the study of urban geological environment, and has far-reaching significance. Based on the project of Beijing Mountain Section of Mizhuo Expressway, this paper selects important factors and sensitive factors as evaluation factors through site exploration and research and analysis of existing geological foundation data. The weight of each evaluation factor is determined by AHP, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established to make a comprehensive evaluation of the geological hazard risk in the study area. Finally, the zoning map of the geological hazard risk assessment in the study area is drawn by using Mapgis software. Through the study and analysis of the geological environment conditions in the study area, and the emphasis on the analysis and study of the topography, rock and soil properties, geological structure and geological hazards, it is proposed that the characteristics of landform and geomorphology, hydrometeorology and groundwater, geological structure, and geological structure should be taken into account. Disaster status and human activities are the first layer factors, topographic gradient, topographic height difference, gully development degree, annual average rainfall, groundwater characteristics, rock and soil structure, fracture distribution density, peak acceleration of ground motion, disaster density, The scale of disasters and human activities are regarded as the second level factors, {the risk is small, the risk is medium, the risk is great} as the evaluation set, the evaluation index system is established, and the weight of each evaluation factor is determined by AHP. The research area is divided into 1469 small units according to the specification of 200m 脳 200m, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the grid elements in the study area. Using Mapgis software to draw the subdivision diagram of each evaluation factor, using excel to manage the attribute data of each grid cell and the evaluation result data, and connecting the data with the grid partition diagram. Finally, the comprehensive assessment zoning map of geological hazard risk in Beijing mountainous area of Mizhuo Expressway is obtained, and the final result map can be used as a reference for engineering construction.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.22;P694
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