波动方程波场延拓静校正方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 10:24

【摘要】：在沙漠、戈壁、山前带等地表复杂构造区块,地表一致性假设遭到严重破坏。在这些地区,如果仍然按照一致性假设进行基准面校正,会产生极大的误差,对后续的处理过程产生不良影响。在这种情况下必须脱离传统的地表一致性假设,直接从非水平观测面进行非地表一致静校正。只有这样才能做出有效的基准面处理,从而确保后续速度分析的精度,保证地震资料的成像质量。本文在国内外现有研究成果的基础上,进行各种地表条件下的正演模拟,从中获得特定地表条件下地表非一致性影响程度的分析方法。通过建立不同的复杂地区近地表模型,模拟地震记录反射波波场传播,分析各种不符合地表一致性假设条件的模型其各自的非地表一致性静校正量分布规律,量化表示静校正量之间的差异,从而对不同的实际资料评估使用地表一致性静校正带来的静校误差程度。研究通过波动方程延拓,实现非地表一致性静校正处理,实现波动方程静校正从理论到实际应用的转换,完成多种理论模型和典型目标区块实际数据的处理工作,对我国西部的地震勘探有很好的实用价值。本研究通过建立两种典型地质模型,进行波场延拓静校正处理应用研究。使用波动方程正演软件获得典型地震记录,使用本研究的波场延拓静校正程序进行静校正计算。并将波场延拓静校正与高程静校正、层析静校正结果进行对比,直观地表达了三类静校正效果的差异。模型试算和两个典型目标区块处理效果说明,波场延拓静校正的处理结果最为理想。
[Abstract]:In complex tectonic blocks such as desert, Gobi and Piedmont, the assumption of surface consistency is seriously damaged. In these areas, if the datum correction is still carried out according to the consistency hypothesis, great errors will be produced, which will have a negative impact on the subsequent processing process. In this case, the non-surface consistent static correction must be carried out directly from the non-horizontal observation surface without the traditional assumption of surface consistency. Only in this way can we make effective datum processing to ensure the accuracy of subsequent velocity analysis and ensure the imaging quality of seismic data. Based on the existing research results at home and abroad, the forward modeling under various surface conditions is carried out in this paper, from which the analysis method of the influence degree of surface inconsistency under specific surface conditions is obtained. By establishing different near-surface models in complex regions, the propagation of reflected wave fields in seismic records is simulated, and various models that do not conform to the assumption of surface consistency are analyzed, and their respective non-surface consistent static correction distributions are analyzed. The difference between static correction quantities is quantified to evaluate the degree of static correction error caused by the use of surface consistency static correction for different actual data. Through the continuation of wave equation, the non-surface consistent statics processing is realized, and the conversion of wave equation statics from theory to practice is realized, and various theoretical models and practical data processing of typical target blocks are completed. It has good practical value for seismic exploration in western China. In this paper, two typical geological models are established to study the application of wave field continuation static correction. The wave equation forward modeling software is used to obtain the typical seismic records, and the statics calculation is carried out by using the wave field continuation statics correction program in this paper. The results of wave field continuation static correction and elevation static correction and tomography static correction are compared and the differences of three kinds of static correction results are expressed intuitively. The model trial and two typical target blocks show that the processing results of wave field continuation static correction are the most ideal.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4

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