准噶尔盆地西北缘红车断裂带中生代走滑构造及其构造演化

发布时间：2018-07-25 15:43

【摘要】：中亚造山带内晚古生代以来经历多期构造变形,区域内多期构造相互叠加、破坏,使得对晚古生代以来的构造变形特征及其构造演化的研究显得相对困难。红车断裂带位于准噶尔盆地西缘,和克百断裂带、乌夏断裂带组成准噶尔盆地西北缘构造带,属于准噶尔盆地和西准噶尔块体的耦合变形带。红车断裂带受新生代以前多期构造活动的影响,并由于其位于盆山耦合地带,沉积地层中保留了构造变形的记录。另外,红车断裂带在新生代活动微弱,将古生代、中生代之前的构造变形较为完整地保存于新生代沉积地层之下,使其成为研究准噶尔盆地乃至中亚造山带中生代构造变形特征,变形机制,以及构造演化的良好区域。本文通过区域高精度二维、三维地震资料的解释,对红车断裂带内的构造几何学样式,变形期次进行了研究,并运用三维构造平面恢复技术对红车地区的运动学机制进行了探讨,获得了以下认识：(1)红车断裂带为一个右旋走滑挤压系统。红车断裂带内部发育红车走滑断层以及次级断层,旁侧发育逆冲断层以及断层相关褶皱。红车断裂带内部的构造样式、几何学形态沿走向变化明显,按构造样式特征可以分为：红车断裂带南段断层弯曲带,红车断裂带中段线性走滑带,红车断裂带北段走滑尾端。红车断裂带南、中、北三段的构造特征差异巨大,但整体的运动学特征是一致的,属于一个右旋挤压的走滑变形系统。(2)在GoCAD软件中进行的红车地区的三维平面构造恢复工作证实了红车地区斜向挤压的构造变形特征。红车地区三叠系底界平面构造恢复的膨胀率分布、构造平面恢复矢量结果证实了红车断裂带中段构造变形相对微弱,南段构造变形相对较为强烈,整体上展示了由南西向北东的一个斜向挤压变形。本文提出了一个基于构造平面恢复前后平面截距来分析区域块体运动方向的方法,得出准噶尔盆地西缘相对于车排子凸起的运动方向为210。-230。。(3)红车断裂带的走滑主要变形时间为中-晚三叠世,侏罗纪继承性活动。本文根据红车断裂带内地震剖面所揭示的断层和地层的接触关系以及区域内走滑相关构造中发育的生长地层,将区域走滑构造变形主要活动时间限定在中-晚三叠世,并在侏罗纪继承活动。红车断裂带不同段显示的相同的变形时间也证明了它是一个统一的变形系统。(4)通过红车地区地震资料所揭示的构造变形时间及其对应的变形特征,本文厘定了红车断裂带自二叠纪以来经历的多期构造变形：早-中二叠世的区域拉张,晚二叠世-早三叠世的构造反转以及中三叠-晚侏罗世的右旋走滑。(5)综合本文和前人对克百和乌夏断裂带的研究,准噶尔盆地西北缘断裂带在三叠纪-侏罗纪发育右旋走滑活动。同时,西噶尔达尔布特断层和准噶尔盆地北缘的额尔齐斯断层在该时间段也为右旋走滑活动。准噶尔盆地周缘统一的右旋走滑变形揭示了其相对周边板块逆时针转动的运动学特征。
[Abstract]:The Central Asian orogenic belt has experienced multiple tectonic deformation since the Late Palaeozoic, and the multistage structures in the region superposed and destroyed each other, making it relatively difficult to study the structural deformation characteristics and tectonic evolution since the late Paleozoic. The red car fault zone is located in the western margin of the Junggar basin, and the k100 fault zone, and the wuxia fault zone consists of the west of the Junggar basin. The northern margin tectonic belt is the coupling deformation zone of the Junggar basin and the West Junggar block. The red car fault zone is influenced by the multiple tectonic movements before the Cenozoic, and because it is located in the basin and mountain coupling zone, the tectonic deformation is kept in the sedimentary strata. In addition, the red car fault zone is weak in the Cenozoic, and the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, before the Mesozoic. The structural deformation is more completely preserved in the Cenozoic sedimentary strata, making it a good area for studying the Mesozoic tectonic deformation characteristics, deformation mechanism and structural evolution of the Mesozoic in the Junggar basin and the Central Asian orogenic belt. This paper, through the interpretation of the regional high precision two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismic data, has made the structural geometry study in the red car fault zone. The kinematic mechanism of the red car area is discussed with the 3D structural plane recovery technique. The following understanding is obtained: (1) the red car fault zone is a dextral strike slip extrusion system. The red car fault zone develops the red car strike slip fault, the secondary fault, the side development thrust fault and the fault phase. The structural style in the red car fault zone is marked by the structural style, which can be divided into the southern section of the red car fault zone, the linear strike slip zone in the middle section of the red car fault zone, the north section of the red car fault zone, and the south, middle and North section of the red car fault zone. The kinematic characteristics are consistent and belong to a right-handed strike slip deformation system. (2) the reconstruction of the three-dimensional plane structure of the red car area carried out in the GoCAD software confirms the structural deformation characteristics of the oblique extrusion in the red car area. The expansion rate distribution of the plane structure restoration of the Triassic bottom boundary in the red car area and the vector junction of the structural plane restoration are found. The structural deformation of the middle part of the red car fault zone is relatively weak, and the structural deformation in the southern section is relatively strong, and a diagonal compression deformation from South West to the East is shown on the whole. A method based on the plane intercept of the tectonic plane before and after the reconstruction of the tectonic plane is presented to analyze the movement direction of the regional block, and the relative of the western margin of the Junggar basin is obtained. The main deformation time of the 210.-230.. (3) red car fault zone is the middle to late three fold and the Jurassic inheritance. In this paper, according to the contact relationship between the faults and the strata in the seismic section of the red car fault zone and the growing strata in the regional strike slip related structure, the regional strike slip structure is made. The main deformation time is limited to the middle to the late three fold, and in the Jurassic period. The same deformation time shown in the different segments of the red car fault zone also proves that it is a unified deformation system. (4) the red car fault zone is defined in this paper through the tectonic deformation time and its corresponding deformation characteristics revealed by the seismic data of the red car area. The multistage tectonic deformation experienced since the Permian Period: the early Middle Permian region stretching, the Late Permian early three fold tectonic reversal and the middle three fold and late Jurassic dextral strike slip. (5) this paper and the previous study on the Kuren and Wuxia fault zone, the northwestern margin of the Junggar basin in the Triassic Jurassic development dextral strike slip At the same time, the Dahl Burt fault in West Junggar and the frontal plane fault in the northern margin of the Junggar basin are also dextral strike slip. The right slip deformation of the unified periphery of the Junggar basin reveals the kinematic characteristics of the counter clockwise rotation of the surrounding plates.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P542

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