龙门山构造带南段构造地貌研究
发布时间：2018-07-29 16:52
【摘要】：龙门山构造带位于青藏高原和四川盆地边缘,自中生代以来,至少经历了两次大的地壳缩短事件,形成了一条典型的逆冲构造带。2008年汶川地震Ms8.0表明,龙门山构造带仍是一条活跃的地震带。在汶川地震以后,一些研究认为汶川地震导致龙门山南段库仑应力升高,未来发生大地震的可能性增加。2013年芦山Ms7.0似乎印证了这种观点,但芦山地震发生在前陆区,一些研究也证明龙门山构造带南段的前陆地区具有较强的地震活动性。但是,对于龙门山构造带腹陆区的活动性研究一直相对较少。已有研究表明,盐井-五龙断裂在晚更新世有活动,而双石-大川断裂是一条全新世活动断裂。河流阶地是研究活动构造的理想载体,通过测量阶地的变形样式(位错、掀斜和拱曲等)可以推测区域构造活动特征。在龙门山南段,青衣江近乎垂直横穿龙门山,并发育四级阶地,为研究本地区构造活动提供良好的条件。通过精细测量阶地高程和拔河,结合DEM提取区域地貌参数,得出以认识：(1)青衣江上游的阶地主要分布在陇东、五龙、宝兴穆坪镇、灵关所在是几个小盆地内,仅有T1-T4保留较好。T1阶地为堆积阶地,阶地砾石层沉积特征清楚,分选、磨圆好,中间夹有砂质透镜体。T2-T4阶地上覆坡积物、耕植土等。在五龙之上,T1阶地拔河多为3-5m,T2-T4为侵蚀阶地,河流阶地二元结构未保留,个别测点但可见基座,上覆盖坡积物、耕植土等,拔河分别为10m、30m和80m。五龙河小关子之间,T1阶地拔河多为10m,T2拔河约为20m,T3拔河约60m,T4拔河大于100m,在小关子下游,T1拔河7m作用,T2拔河约为20m,T3拔河约40m,T4拔河约60m,且河流阶地砾石层保存较好,结构清楚。根据测量结果做出河流相位图和沿构造线方向的拔河投影图。(2)面积高程积分和河流分支比指示,龙门山南段地貌在耿达-陇东断裂北西侧成熟度较低,向南东方向成熟度逐渐升高,在双石-大川断裂的南东方向成熟度最高。(3)中岗断裂(永富断裂)和小关子断裂之间的地貌与两侧差异较大,表现为高程、起伏度和坡度的变化,可能暗示这两条断裂之间是龙门山构造带南段腹陆区。在永富断裂两侧,坡度和起伏度都是一个高值区,而地形上,则呈下降趋势。但是,对于地形剖面,在五龙断裂和陇东断裂之间存在一个峰值,但相应地该段起伏度和坡度变化则较平缓。而对小关子断裂和五龙断裂之间,起伏度、坡度和地形都为高值区,局部受到河流的影响为低值。(4)在地形剖面上,五龙断裂和小关子断裂(双石-大川断裂)之间地势明显隆起,尤其是在p2条带剖面上最为明显,且地形变化规律与起伏度、坡度一致。而SK/L剖面也有类似的规律,R2-R4河流横跨五龙断裂和小关子断裂,在二者之间,SL/K值有明显升高,意味着河道变陡。而岩性变化与SL/K值变化不一致,说明SL/K值变化的主要原因是构造活动。这可能暗示,在五龙断裂和小关子断裂之间,发育有隐伏构造,其活动导致了上覆的阶地拱曲变形、河道变陡和高地貌。在小关子断裂之下,阶地趋于平缓,说明小关子断裂(双石-大川断裂)对褶皱变形有一定的控制作用。龙门山构造带南段的隐伏断层和小关子断裂的活动性应引起重视。
[Abstract]:The Longmen mountain tectonic belt, located on the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan basin, has experienced at least two large crustal shortening events since Mesozoic, and a typical thrust tectonic zone,.2008 Wenchuan earthquake Ms8.0, shows that the Longmen mountain tectonic belt is still an active seismic zone. After the Wenchuan earthquake, some studies think Wenchuan seismic Guide The Coulomb stress in the south section of the Longmen mountain rises, and the possibility of a big earthquake in the future increases in the.2013 year Lushan Ms7.0 seems to confirm this view, but the Lushan earthquake occurred in the foreland area. Some studies also proved that the foreland area in the southern part of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt has strong seismicity. However, the activities of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt in the abdominal region are also proved. The research has been relatively small. Previous studies have shown that the salt well - Wulong fault is active in the late Pleistocene and the Dishi - Da Chuan fault is a Holocene Active fault. The river terrace is an ideal carrier for the study of active structures. The characteristics of regional tectonic activities can be speculated by measuring the deformation patterns of terrace (dislocation, tilting and arch, etc.) in Longmen. In the south of Shannan, the Qingyi River is nearly perpendicular to the Longmen mountain and develops four terrace to provide good conditions for the study of the tectonic activities in the region. Through the fine survey terrace elevation and tug of war and the extraction of regional geomorphic parameters with DEM, it is concluded that (1) the terrace in the upper reaches of Qingyi River is mainly distributed in Longdong, Wulong, Baoxing moping town and Ling Guan In several small basins, only T1-T4 retained good.T1 terrace as the stacked terrace, and the depositional features of the terrace gravel layer are clear, the grinding circle is good, the intermediate clips are covered with sandy lensed.T2-T4 terrace and cultivated soil. On the five dragon, the tug of war of the T1 terrace is 3-5M, T2-T4 is the eroded terrace, and the two yuan structure of the river terrace is not retained and a few measured points. But it can be seen that the base, the upper cover of the slope, the tug of cultivation are 10m, 30m and 80m. five dragon river, the tug of tug of T1 terrace is 10m, T2 tug of tug is about 20m, T3 tug is 60m, T4 tug of tug is greater than 100m, the tug of war in the lower reaches of the small Guanzi, tug tug of tug of tug of tug of tug of war The structure is clear. According to the results of the survey, the river phase map and the tug of tug projection along the direction of the tectonic line are made. (2) the area elevation integration and the river branch ratio indicate that the landform in the south section of the south of Longmen mountain is lower in the North west side of the Gunda Longdong fault, gradually rising toward the South East, and the highest maturity in the south east direction of the BSK Da Chuan fault. (3) The geomorphic and both sides of the middle Gang fault (Yongfu fault) and Xiao Guan Zi fault are different from both sides, showing the elevation, the fluctuation and the gradient, which may suggest that the two faults are in the southern section of the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic zone. In the topographic section, there is a peak between the Wulong fault and the Longdong fault, but the fluctuation degree and the gradient of the section are relatively gentle. Between the small Guanzi fault and the Wulong fault, the fluctuation, the slope and the topography are all high value areas, and the influence of the local river is low. (4) the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fracture are on the topographic profile. The terrain is obviously uplifted, especially in the P2 strip section, especially in the section of the P2 strip, and the regularity of the topographic change is the same as the undulation and the slope. And the SK/L section has similar regularity. The R2-R4 River crosses the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault. Between the two, the SL/K value increases obviously, which means the river is steepening. And lithologic change and SL The variation of /K values is inconsistent, indicating that the main reason for the change of the SL/K value is tectonic activity. This may suggest that there is a hidden structure between the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault, which leads to the overlying terrace arch deformation, the river steepness and the high geomorphology. Fracture plays a certain role in controlling the deformation of the fold. Attention should be paid to the activity of the buried fault and Xiao Guan Zi fault in the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局地壳应力研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P931.2;P315.2
本文编号：2153354
[Abstract]:The Longmen mountain tectonic belt, located on the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan basin, has experienced at least two large crustal shortening events since Mesozoic, and a typical thrust tectonic zone,.2008 Wenchuan earthquake Ms8.0, shows that the Longmen mountain tectonic belt is still an active seismic zone. After the Wenchuan earthquake, some studies think Wenchuan seismic Guide The Coulomb stress in the south section of the Longmen mountain rises, and the possibility of a big earthquake in the future increases in the.2013 year Lushan Ms7.0 seems to confirm this view, but the Lushan earthquake occurred in the foreland area. Some studies also proved that the foreland area in the southern part of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt has strong seismicity. However, the activities of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt in the abdominal region are also proved. The research has been relatively small. Previous studies have shown that the salt well - Wulong fault is active in the late Pleistocene and the Dishi - Da Chuan fault is a Holocene Active fault. The river terrace is an ideal carrier for the study of active structures. The characteristics of regional tectonic activities can be speculated by measuring the deformation patterns of terrace (dislocation, tilting and arch, etc.) in Longmen. In the south of Shannan, the Qingyi River is nearly perpendicular to the Longmen mountain and develops four terrace to provide good conditions for the study of the tectonic activities in the region. Through the fine survey terrace elevation and tug of war and the extraction of regional geomorphic parameters with DEM, it is concluded that (1) the terrace in the upper reaches of Qingyi River is mainly distributed in Longdong, Wulong, Baoxing moping town and Ling Guan In several small basins, only T1-T4 retained good.T1 terrace as the stacked terrace, and the depositional features of the terrace gravel layer are clear, the grinding circle is good, the intermediate clips are covered with sandy lensed.T2-T4 terrace and cultivated soil. On the five dragon, the tug of war of the T1 terrace is 3-5M, T2-T4 is the eroded terrace, and the two yuan structure of the river terrace is not retained and a few measured points. But it can be seen that the base, the upper cover of the slope, the tug of cultivation are 10m, 30m and 80m. five dragon river, the tug of tug of T1 terrace is 10m, T2 tug of tug is about 20m, T3 tug is 60m, T4 tug of tug is greater than 100m, the tug of war in the lower reaches of the small Guanzi, tug tug of tug of tug of tug of tug of war The structure is clear. According to the results of the survey, the river phase map and the tug of tug projection along the direction of the tectonic line are made. (2) the area elevation integration and the river branch ratio indicate that the landform in the south section of the south of Longmen mountain is lower in the North west side of the Gunda Longdong fault, gradually rising toward the South East, and the highest maturity in the south east direction of the BSK Da Chuan fault. (3) The geomorphic and both sides of the middle Gang fault (Yongfu fault) and Xiao Guan Zi fault are different from both sides, showing the elevation, the fluctuation and the gradient, which may suggest that the two faults are in the southern section of the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic zone. In the topographic section, there is a peak between the Wulong fault and the Longdong fault, but the fluctuation degree and the gradient of the section are relatively gentle. Between the small Guanzi fault and the Wulong fault, the fluctuation, the slope and the topography are all high value areas, and the influence of the local river is low. (4) the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fracture are on the topographic profile. The terrain is obviously uplifted, especially in the P2 strip section, especially in the section of the P2 strip, and the regularity of the topographic change is the same as the undulation and the slope. And the SK/L section has similar regularity. The R2-R4 River crosses the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault. Between the two, the SL/K value increases obviously, which means the river is steepening. And lithologic change and SL The variation of /K values is inconsistent, indicating that the main reason for the change of the SL/K value is tectonic activity. This may suggest that there is a hidden structure between the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault, which leads to the overlying terrace arch deformation, the river steepness and the high geomorphology. Fracture plays a certain role in controlling the deformation of the fold. Attention should be paid to the activity of the buried fault and Xiao Guan Zi fault in the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局地壳应力研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P931.2;P315.2
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