缅甸琥珀甲虫内含物及学术价值研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 13:28

【摘要】：商业化挖掘的缅甸琥珀已经有约两千年的历史,该琥珀形成于白垩纪赛诺曼阶早期,98.72±0.62 Ma。在世界七大主要白垩纪琥珀产地中,缅甸琥珀年代最久远、内含物生物多样性最高且高质量标本产量最大。然而由于历史的原因,缅甸琥珀的科学价值直到近一百年才被逐渐发现。基于缅甸琥珀形成时期的特殊性和内含物的多样性,缅甸琥珀的研究已成为当今古生物学领域的研究热点之一。鞘翅目是一类起源较为古老、种类多样和生态学意义显著的类群。因此研究缅甸琥珀中的鞘翅目,对我们了解白垩纪时期重要生物类群的系统发育、古生物地理、古生态、古行为学等具有深刻的意义。迄今为止,缅甸琥珀中已命名鞘翅目64种,涵盖4亚目14总科23科。本论文通过对25块缅甸琥珀中的鞘翅目代表类群进行研究。研究琥珀的传统方法是在体视镜下直接观察,随着科技的进步和发展,新型的技术手段被用来研究琥珀。本论文利用显微CT、计算机三维重建的方法,重建出缅甸琥珀甲虫内含物的三维形态,从而对这些甲虫的系统地位进行了确定,并对其生物学意义进行探究。经过研究表明,这25块缅甸琥珀甲虫隶属于2亚目7总科,能够反映携播、访花、群集等行为。更为重要的是,在实验过程中,发现了琥珀内含物的在可见光下与在X射线下的成像结果并不完全对应,甚至X射线下完全无衬度。对于这个埋藏学上的现象,经过初步分析,认为其原因可能是琥珀化的过程中产生的一些化学物质、琥珀围岩之间的对比度差异、及琥珀间的密度差不同等因素造成的。
[Abstract]:Commercially excavated amber from Myanmar has a history of about 2000 years. The amber was formed at 98.72 卤0.62 Ma. in the early Cretaceous SalNorman stage. Among the seven major Cretaceous amber producing areas in the world, Myanmar amber is the oldest, and the highest biodiversity and high quality sample yield. However, due to historical reasons, the scientific value of Myanmar amber was not gradually discovered until nearly a hundred years ago. Based on the particularity of Myanmar amber formation period and the diversity of its inclusions, the research of Myanmar amber has become one of the research hotspots in the field of paleontology. Coleoptera is a group with ancient origin, diverse species and ecological significance. Therefore, the study of the order Coleoptera in amber of Myanmar is of great significance for us to understand the phylogeny, paleontology, paleoecology and paleobehavior of important biological groups in the Cretaceous period. Up to now, 64 species of Coleoptera have been named in Amber of Myanmar, covering 4 suborders, 14 families and 23 families. In this paper, 25 pieces of amber from Burma were studied on the representative groups of Coleoptera. The traditional method of studying amber is to observe it directly under stereoscopic microscope. With the development of science and technology, new techniques are used to study amber. In this paper, the three-dimensional morphology of amber beetles in Myanmar was reconstructed by means of microCTand computer 3D reconstruction, and the systematic status of these beetles was determined, and the biological significance of these beetles was explored. The results show that the 25 amber beetles belong to 2 suborders and 7 families, which can reflect the behavior of carrying, flower visiting and clustering. More importantly, in the experimental process, it is found that the imaging results of the amber inclusions under visible light and X-ray are not completely corresponding, and even the X-ray imaging results are completely non-contrast. Through the preliminary analysis of this burial phenomenon, it is considered that the reasons may be caused by some chemical substances produced in the amber process, the contrast difference among the amber surrounding rock, and the difference in the density between the amber.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q915

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