微生物在有机质沉积和埋葬过程中的作用——古老的沉积记录

发布时间：2018-08-09 19:34

【摘要】：本文对现代海洋以及海洋沉积物中四种来源的有机质(海水的可溶有机质,海雪和颗粒有机质,底质表面的生物席以及陆源输入的有机质)的形成机理和沉积规律进行了解析与归纳;介绍了当前海洋学所流行的观念,列举烃源岩生烃母质研究的部分实例,展示了寒武、奥陶、志留和二叠纪烃源岩中保存的显微与超显微有机组份(寒武系细菌状化石、可能的微微型疑源类以及寒武系与志留系的胞外聚合物、二叠系微微型浮游生物状化石)。可以认为粘土有机复合体,海雪、生物席和有机质的陆源输入是从源头上影响烃源岩发育的四大主要母质类型。它们的各自发育又受许多因素的控制。但是,在有机质沉积和埋葬过程中,我们总能发现微生物的身影。
[Abstract]:In this paper, four sources of organic matter (soluble organic matter in seawater, snow and particulate organic matter) in modern oceans and marine sediments are studied. In this paper, the formation mechanism and sedimentary rules of the biofilm and the organic matter input from the terrestrial source are analyzed and summarized, the popular concepts in oceanography are introduced, some examples of the source rock hydrocarbon source material research are listed, and the Cambrian is displayed. Microscopic and ultramicro organic components preserved in Ordovician, Silurian and Permian hydrocarbon source rocks (Cambrian bacteriform fossils, possible picotypic suspected sources, Cambrian and Silurian extracellular polymers, Permian picoplankton fossils). It can be concluded that the terrestrial inputs of clay organic complex, sea snow, biotic sheet and organic matter are the four major parent material types that influence the development of hydrocarbon source rocks from the source. Their development is controlled by many factors. However, microbes are always found in the deposition and burial of organic matter.
【作者单位】：页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室;中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所;南京大学地球科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(U1663202和41603047) 中石化科技部青年创新计划项目(P14132)共同资助的成果~~
【分类号】：Q913

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