山东省羊庄盆地岩溶水系统地下水可持续开发利用研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 17:00

【摘要】：羊庄盆地岩溶含水系统具有完整的边界条件和补、径、排区域,是我国北方典型的岩溶含水系统。近年来由于工农业的大量发展,大量开采地下水,导致地下水资源量大幅减少,水质变差。为了实现地下水可持续开发利用,本文以羊庄盆地为研究对象,建立了地下水资源和地下水质量评价指标体系,利用GIS软件绘制各单指标分区图,进行单指标评价,同时采用层次分析法和熵值法分别求得各指标权重,最后通过数据叠加得到地下水可持续开发利用评价结果,并对地下水可持续开发利用评价结果进行了分析,在研究过程中本文取得的主要成果如下:(1)对羊庄盆地地质、水文地质条件进行详细分析,地下水按照含水介质岩性组合及富水特征将研究区含水岩组划分为第四系松散岩类孔隙含水岩组、奥陶系碳酸盐岩类裂隙岩溶含水岩组、上-中寒武统碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩类裂隙岩溶含水岩组、下寒武统碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩类岩溶裂隙含水岩组和变质岩、侵入岩类裂隙含水岩组五种类型,并对相关资源量及评价中所需参数进行确定。(2)根据研究区的实际情况,筛选地下水可开采资源模数(F1)、地下水天然补给资源模数(F2)、给水度(F3)、地下水水位下降速率(F4)、地下水开采潜力模数(F5)、泉流量衰减率(F6)和地下水水质等级(F7)7个评价指标建立地下水可持续开发利用评价指标体系。采用层次分析法(主观法)和熵值法(客观法)分别确定各指标权重,最终取加权平均值作为指标的权重:F1~0.3075、F2~0.1838、F3~0.0727、F4~0.1248、F5~0.1374、F6~0.1091、F7~0.0647,其中地下水天然补给资源模数对研究区地下水可开采资源模数影响最大。(3)通过收集资料、野外调查和水文地质试验获取了各评价指标数据,利用GIS对单指标进行等值线图绘制,得到单指标评价分区图,并对单指标进行评价。(4)采用GIS软件,对研究区内各指标进行数据叠加,得到地下水可持续开发利用综合评价结果,综合指标值分布在0.2165~0.8896之间,将综合评价结果划分为4个级别:0.8~1.0、0.6~0.8、0.4~0.6、0.2~0.4,分别代表地下水可持续开发利用性的“I级-好”、“II级-较好”、“III级-中等”、“IV级-较差”,其中魏庄-羊庄一带综合指标评价值在0.8~1.0之间,地下水可持续开发利用性为“I级-好”,占研究区面积的6.99%,仍然具有持续开发利用的能力;辛召断块北东部及山亭断块西部边缘综合指标评价结果在0.2~0.4之间,地下水可持续开发利用性较差,占研究区总面积的25.08%,不适合开采;其余大部分区域综合指标评价结果在0.4~0.8之间,地下水可持续开发利用性中等-较好,可适当开采。结果表明研究区羊庄盆地仍然具有可持续开发利用的能力,可持续开采;而山亭断块次之,需适当开采;辛召断块较差,不适合开采。
[Abstract]:The karst water-bearing system in Yangzhuang Basin is a typical karst water-bearing system in the north of China with complete boundary conditions and regions of recharge, diameter and discharge. In recent years, due to the development of industry and agriculture, a large number of groundwater has been exploited, resulting in a substantial reduction of groundwater resources and deterioration of water quality. The evaluation index system of groundwater resources and groundwater quality is established. The single index zoning map is drawn by GIS software, and the weight of each index is calculated by analytic hierarchy process and entropy method. Finally, the evaluation result of groundwater sustainable development and utilization is obtained by data superposition. The main results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) The geological and hydrogeological conditions of Yangzhuang Basin are analyzed in detail. According to the lithologic assemblage and water-rich characteristics of water-bearing media, the groundwater-bearing rocks in the study area are divided into Quaternary loose rock pore water-bearing rocks and Ordovician pore water-bearing rocks. Five types of fractured karst water-bearing rocks of carbonate rocks, upper-middle Cambrian carbonate rocks intercalated with clastic rocks, lower Cambrian clastic rocks intercalated with carbonate rocks, karst fractured water-bearing rocks and metamorphic rocks, and intrusive rocks intercalated with fractured water-bearing rocks are identified, and the related resources and parameters for evaluation are determined. According to the actual situation of the area, seven evaluation indexes, namely, exploitable groundwater resource modulus (F1), natural groundwater recharge resource modulus (F2), water supply degree (F3), groundwater level decline rate (F4), groundwater exploitation potential modulus (F5), spring flow attenuation rate (F6) and groundwater quality grade (F7), were selected to establish the evaluation index system of groundwater sustainable development and utilization. The weight of each index is determined by AHP (subjective method) and entropy method (objective method). Finally, the weighted average value is taken as the weight of the index: F1~0.3075, F2~0.1838, F3~0.0727, F4~0.1248, F5~0.1374, F6~0.1091, F7~0.0647. Among them, the natural groundwater recharge resource module has the greatest influence on the groundwater exploitable resource module. Through collecting data, field investigation and hydrogeological test, the evaluation index data are obtained, and the single index evaluation zoning map is drawn by using GIS. The single index evaluation zoning map is obtained and the single index evaluation is carried out. (4) The data of each index in the study area is superimposed by using GIS software, and the comprehensive evaluation of groundwater sustainable development and utilization is obtained. The comprehensive evaluation results were divided into four grades: 0.8-1.0, 0.6-0.8, 0.4-0.6, 0.2-0.4, which represented the "I-grade-good", "I I-better", "I I I-grade-medium" and "IV-poor" of the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater, respectively. Between 0.0, the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater is "I-grade-good", accounting for 6.99% of the area of the study area, and still has the ability of sustainable development and utilization; the comprehensive index evaluation results of the north-east of Xinzhao fault block and the western margin of Shanting fault block are between 0.2 and 0.4, and the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater is poor, accounting for 25.08% of the total area of the study area, which is not suitable for opening. The results show that Yangzhuang basin in the study area still has the capacity of sustainable development and utilization, sustainable exploitation; Shanting fault block is next, it needs to be properly exploited; Xinzhao fault block is poor, not suitable for exploitation.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.8

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