防雷工程中影响季节性冻土电阻率因素的试验研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 14:34

【摘要】：《建筑物防雷设计规范》GB50057-2010中规定了建筑物年预计雷击次数的计算公式，通过计算得出民用建筑物预计雷击次数在每年0.06-0.3次范围内，工业建筑物预计雷击次数在每年0.06次以上的需要采取防雷击事故措施。并规定了建筑施工的外部防雷保护系统由接闪器、引下线和接地装置三个重要的组成部分，而土壤结构电阻率值的变化与稳定性往往会影响到防雷工程设计施工中的接地极材料及长度、电缆与接闪杆、接闪线与被保护的建构筑物之间距离的初步设计与施工。在我国季节性冻土随着纬度和高山垂直带变化，由于季节性冻土的存在使得传统接地检测难以实现，并且土壤电阻率发生跳变，使得冰冻季节与雷暴季节土壤电阻率测试数据存在较大偏差，对通信等设备的防雷工程施工、检测产生影响。因此，，针对季节性冻土电阻率无法准确测量的现象，着重开展以下研究工作： 1．收集土壤电阻率理论基础的相关材料，分析土壤电阻率值大小的影响因素，比对分析测试土壤电阻率的试验方法。 2．通过土壤电阻率的理论分析，选择合适的试验环境、试验器材和试验方案，以建立起季节性冻土野外真实的试验模型。 3．选取合适的数据处理软件进行对测量数据的处理，建立不同类型土壤环境下季节性冻土温度、冻土含水量与冻土电阻率的相关性和回归关系模型。 4．建立不同类型土壤环境下相同地区的冻结土层和非冻结土层电阻率之间的关系方程，得到冻土电阻率与非冻土电阻率之间的关系，并最终得到推算季节性冻土电阻率值的计算公式。本文主要通过对野外真实环境下对土壤电阻率等参数的实测与分析，得到准确推算不同土质季节性冻土电阻率的计算关系公式，使数值处理后更接近雷暴季节测试的土壤电阻率，对防雷工程设计以及冬季防雷接地工程施工、检测具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:The formula for calculating the expected number of lightning strikes per year is stipulated in the Code for Design of Lightning Protection for Buildings > GB50057-2010. By calculating the number of lightning strikes per year for civil buildings in the range of 0.06-0.3, the lightning strikes per year for industrial buildings in the range of 0.06 or more should be prevented. The measures for lightning strikes in construction are also stipulated. External lightning protection system is composed of three important parts: flasher, lead-down line and grounding device. The change and stability of soil structure resistivity often affect the material and length of grounding electrode, the distance between cable and flashing rod, flashing wire and protected building. Work.
In China, seasonal frozen soil varies with latitude and mountain vertical zones. Because of the existence of seasonal frozen soil, it is difficult to realize the traditional grounding detection, and the soil resistivity changes abruptly, which makes the soil resistivity test data of frozen season and thunderstorm season deviate greatly, and affects the lightning protection engineering construction and detection of communication equipment. Therefore, in view of the fact that the resistivity of seasonal frozen soil can not be accurately measured, the following research work is emphasized:
1. Collect the related materials of soil resistivity theory, analyze the influence factors of soil resistivity value, compare and analyze the test methods of soil resistivity.
2. Through the theoretical analysis of soil resistivity, the suitable test environment, test equipment and test scheme are selected to establish the real field test model of seasonal frozen soil.
3. Select the appropriate data processing software to process the measured data, and establish the correlation and regression model of seasonal frozen soil temperature, frozen soil moisture content and frozen soil resistivity in different soil environments.
4. Establish the relationship equation between the resistivity of frozen and non-frozen soil layers in the same area under different types of soil environment, get the relationship between the resistivity of frozen and non-frozen soil, and finally get the formula to calculate the resistivity of seasonal frozen soil.
In this paper, through the field measurement and analysis of soil resistivity and other parameters in the real environment, the formula for calculating the resistivity of seasonal frozen soil with different soil properties is obtained, which makes the numerical treatment more close to the soil resistivity measured in thunderstorm season. It is useful for the design of lightning protection engineering and the construction of lightning protection grounding engineering in winter. Reference value.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU895;P642.14

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