金沙—仁怀及邻区海相油气保存条件分析
发布时间：2018-08-22 12:42
【摘要】：本论文所研究的金沙—仁怀及邻区,由黔中隆起北部和黔北凹陷共同组成。在经历了几十年对下古生界海相油气藏的勘探工作后,已取得一些进展,区内烃源岩和储集层条件优越,但是由于经历多期次构造活动影响,致使区内地质结构复杂、断裂较为发育,对油气成藏保存造成较大影响。因此,加强油气保存条件的研究对深入开展该区油气勘探至关重要。论文通过野外油气保存条件调查,结合岩石学、矿物学、同位素地球化学等测试分析,系统研究了区内盖层特征和封盖性、断裂演化和封闭性、以及水文地质条件,在此基础上,运用模糊数学综合评价法进行了有利油气保存区块优选及半定量评价,以期为今后在该区域开展油气勘探工作提供参考。取得如下成果:1.通过野外地质调查对区内下寒武黔东统和下志留统龙马溪组两套泥质岩盖层岩性进行详细分类。黔东统盖层主要岩性为:碳质页岩、硅质岩、凝块岩、粉砂质页岩等。龙马溪组盖层主要岩性为:黑色炭质泥页岩、钙质泥岩、泥质灰岩、砂质(粉砂质)泥岩。2.对重点盖层黔东统牛蹄塘组和龙马溪组进行沉积相初步分析,结果表明牛蹄塘组沉积相为深水陆棚和浅水陆棚相,平面呈北东向展布;龙马溪组剖面上以深水陆棚—浅水陆棚和混积陆棚相为主,受黔中隆起影响控制,由南向北依次为潮坪相—混积陆棚相—浅水陆棚相。3.对牛蹄塘组和下志留统龙马溪组泥质岩盖层样品进行X—衍射全岩矿物分析和粘土矿物X—衍射分析,分析结果表明:两者均以石英和粘土矿物为主,粘土矿物中以伊利石含量最多,含量均在50%以上。以脆性矿物为主的岩石学特征造成两者脆性较大,容易受到构造活动的影响,在背斜和断裂发育地区容易形成裂缝,不利于油气保存。4.重点盖层物性分析结果显示:牛蹄塘组泥质岩致密化程度高,封闭能力强,具有较好的封盖能力,属于Ⅰ类优质盖层,对灯影组油气藏具有重要意义;龙马溪组泥质盖层属于封盖性较好的Ⅱ类盖层,但由于构造因素影响,只能作为局部盖层。5.结合牛蹄塘组烃源岩生烃史对丁山1井寒武系膏岩盖层的有效性展开初步分析。结果表明,尽管膏岩盖层具有极佳的物性封闭能力,但是仍未能成藏的关键原因是生烃史与圈闭形成时间不匹配。因此对于该套盖层而言今后工作重点应放在对生烃史和油气有效圈闭间耦合关系的研究。6.对遵义—赫章断裂带次级断裂封闭性展开详细分析。较系统采集次级断裂带内充填物和与之匹配的围岩样品,对样品展开C、O、Sr同位素和流体包裹体分析。同位素分析结果显示:充填物与围岩间的同位素差值较微弱,充填物中的流体来自于晚二叠世或早三叠世地层。流体包裹体以气相为主,只有少量的液相包裹体;气相部分以有机质为主,液相部分则主要是水;包裹体均以温度在166.6℃~302.4℃之间。结合盆地生烃史表明流体主要来自晚二叠世地层。这说明次级断裂对下古生界油气藏而言封闭性良好。7.根据温泉温度估算出现今大气水下渗深度,结合断裂分布特征和相关泉水成因模式分析表明:大气水下渗深度与断裂活动有关;在温泉影响范围内地层开启程度高。结合钻探实践表明区内下古生界海相地层水文地质特征总体表现较差,但是局部仍存在较好的水文地质条件。8.在系统分析区内盖层特征和封盖性、断裂封闭性和水文地质条件等基础上,初步划分出两个油气有利保存区块:金沙县重新镇区块和古蔺—习水县区块。运用模糊数学综合评价法对影响区内保存条件的11个因素进行综合分析评价,评价结果表明金沙县重新镇区块保存条件优于古蔺—习水县区块。
[Abstract]:The Jinsha-Renhuai and its adjacent areas studied in this paper are composed of the northern part of the central Guizhou uplift and the northern Guizhou sag. After decades of exploration work for the Lower Paleozoic marine reservoirs, some progress has been made. The source rocks and reservoirs in the area are in good condition, but the geological structure of the area is affected by multi-stage tectonic activities. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the study of oil and gas preservation conditions for further oil and gas exploration in this area. This paper systematically studies the characteristics and sealing of caprock in this area through field investigation of oil and gas preservation conditions, combined with petrology, mineralogy, isotope geochemistry and other testing and analysis. On this basis, the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method is used to optimize and semi-quantitatively evaluate the favorable oil and gas preservation blocks in order to provide reference for future oil and gas exploration in this area. The following results are obtained: 1. Two sets of mudstone caprock lithology of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation are classified in detail. The main lithology of the caprock of Eastern Guizhou is carbonaceous shale, siliceous rock, agglomerate, silty shale, etc. The main lithology of the caprock of Longmaxi Formation is black carbonaceous mudstone shale, calcareous mudstone, argillaceous limestone and sandy (silty) mudstone. Preliminary analysis of sedimentary facies in Tang Formation and Longmaxi Formation shows that the Niujitang Formation is a deep-water shelf and shallow-water shelf facies with NE-trending distribution in the plane, and the Longmaxi Formation is dominated by deep-water shelf-shallow-water shelf and mixed shelf facies in the section, which is controlled by the uplift in central Guizhou Province, and in turn is a tidal flat facies-mixed shelf facies-shallow shelf facies from south to north. Water and continental shelf facies.3.X-ray diffraction analysis and clay mineral X-ray diffraction analysis were carried out on the mudstone caprock samples of Niujitang Formation and Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The results show that both of them are mainly quartz and clay minerals. Illite is the most abundant clay mineral, and the content is more than 50%. It is easy to form fractures in anticline and fault developed areas, which is not conducive to oil and gas preservation. 4. The results of physical properties analysis of key caprock show that the Niujitang Formation mudstone has a high degree of densification, strong sealing ability and good sealing ability, and belongs to type I high-quality caprock, which is favorable to Dengying Formation oil. The argillaceous caprock of Longmaxi Formation belongs to type II caprock with good sealing property, but it can only be used as local caprock because of the influence of structural factors. 5. Combining with the hydrocarbon generation history of source rock of Niujitang Formation, the effectiveness of Cambrian gypsum caprock in well Dingshan 1 is preliminarily analyzed. The key reason for the failure of hydrocarbon accumulation is the mismatch between hydrocarbon generation history and trap formation time. Therefore, the future work of this caprock should focus on the study of hydrocarbon generation history and the coupling relationship between oil and gas effective traps. C, O, Sr isotopes and fluid inclusions were analyzed for the fillings in the fracture zone and the matching wall rock samples. Isotope analysis showed that the isotope difference between the fillings and wall rocks was weak, and the fluid in the fillings came from the late Permian or early Triassic strata. Inclusions; gas phase is dominated by organic matter and liquid phase is dominated by water; inclusions are all between 166.6 and 302.4 degrees Celsius. Combined with the hydrocarbon generation history of the basin, the fluid mainly comes from the Late Permian strata. This indicates that the secondary faults are well sealed for the Lower Paleozoic reservoirs. 7. According to the temperature estimation of hot springs, the present atmospheric and underwater seepage appears. Depth, combined with the characteristics of fault distribution and related spring genetic model analysis shows that: the depth of atmospheric underwater seepage is related to fault activity; the formation is highly open within the influence of hot springs. 8. On the basis of systematic analysis of the characteristics and sealing property of the caprock, fault sealing and hydrogeological conditions in the area, two favorable oil and gas preservation blocks are preliminarily divided: the Xinzhen block in Jinsha County and the Gulin-Xishui block in Gulin County. The result shows that the preservation condition of the Reshui town block in Jinsha County is superior to that in Gulin Xishui County.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13
[Abstract]:The Jinsha-Renhuai and its adjacent areas studied in this paper are composed of the northern part of the central Guizhou uplift and the northern Guizhou sag. After decades of exploration work for the Lower Paleozoic marine reservoirs, some progress has been made. The source rocks and reservoirs in the area are in good condition, but the geological structure of the area is affected by multi-stage tectonic activities. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the study of oil and gas preservation conditions for further oil and gas exploration in this area. This paper systematically studies the characteristics and sealing of caprock in this area through field investigation of oil and gas preservation conditions, combined with petrology, mineralogy, isotope geochemistry and other testing and analysis. On this basis, the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method is used to optimize and semi-quantitatively evaluate the favorable oil and gas preservation blocks in order to provide reference for future oil and gas exploration in this area. The following results are obtained: 1. Two sets of mudstone caprock lithology of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation are classified in detail. The main lithology of the caprock of Eastern Guizhou is carbonaceous shale, siliceous rock, agglomerate, silty shale, etc. The main lithology of the caprock of Longmaxi Formation is black carbonaceous mudstone shale, calcareous mudstone, argillaceous limestone and sandy (silty) mudstone. Preliminary analysis of sedimentary facies in Tang Formation and Longmaxi Formation shows that the Niujitang Formation is a deep-water shelf and shallow-water shelf facies with NE-trending distribution in the plane, and the Longmaxi Formation is dominated by deep-water shelf-shallow-water shelf and mixed shelf facies in the section, which is controlled by the uplift in central Guizhou Province, and in turn is a tidal flat facies-mixed shelf facies-shallow shelf facies from south to north. Water and continental shelf facies.3.X-ray diffraction analysis and clay mineral X-ray diffraction analysis were carried out on the mudstone caprock samples of Niujitang Formation and Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The results show that both of them are mainly quartz and clay minerals. Illite is the most abundant clay mineral, and the content is more than 50%. It is easy to form fractures in anticline and fault developed areas, which is not conducive to oil and gas preservation. 4. The results of physical properties analysis of key caprock show that the Niujitang Formation mudstone has a high degree of densification, strong sealing ability and good sealing ability, and belongs to type I high-quality caprock, which is favorable to Dengying Formation oil. The argillaceous caprock of Longmaxi Formation belongs to type II caprock with good sealing property, but it can only be used as local caprock because of the influence of structural factors. 5. Combining with the hydrocarbon generation history of source rock of Niujitang Formation, the effectiveness of Cambrian gypsum caprock in well Dingshan 1 is preliminarily analyzed. The key reason for the failure of hydrocarbon accumulation is the mismatch between hydrocarbon generation history and trap formation time. Therefore, the future work of this caprock should focus on the study of hydrocarbon generation history and the coupling relationship between oil and gas effective traps. C, O, Sr isotopes and fluid inclusions were analyzed for the fillings in the fracture zone and the matching wall rock samples. Isotope analysis showed that the isotope difference between the fillings and wall rocks was weak, and the fluid in the fillings came from the late Permian or early Triassic strata. Inclusions; gas phase is dominated by organic matter and liquid phase is dominated by water; inclusions are all between 166.6 and 302.4 degrees Celsius. Combined with the hydrocarbon generation history of the basin, the fluid mainly comes from the Late Permian strata. This indicates that the secondary faults are well sealed for the Lower Paleozoic reservoirs. 7. According to the temperature estimation of hot springs, the present atmospheric and underwater seepage appears. Depth, combined with the characteristics of fault distribution and related spring genetic model analysis shows that: the depth of atmospheric underwater seepage is related to fault activity; the formation is highly open within the influence of hot springs. 8. On the basis of systematic analysis of the characteristics and sealing property of the caprock, fault sealing and hydrogeological conditions in the area, two favorable oil and gas preservation blocks are preliminarily divided: the Xinzhen block in Jinsha County and the Gulin-Xishui block in Gulin County. The result shows that the preservation condition of the Reshui town block in Jinsha County is superior to that in Gulin Xishui County.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13
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本文编号：2197132
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