随钻密度测井仪通讯及控制模块设计

发布时间：2018-08-26 19:14

【摘要】：随钻密度测井技术在现代测井中起着至关重要的作用,它能够在钻井过程中对复杂油气藏进行评价,同时对钻井方向进行导向。在实际测井过程中,井下环境非常复杂,并且处于高温、高振动的状态,对仪器的通讯以及系统采集控制的可靠性提出了高要求,因此研发具有稳定通讯和可靠采集的井下测量电路具有重要意义。随钻密度测井仪通过产生伽马射线,记录地层中伽马射线的能量谱范围,根据不同的能量谱范围,来划分岩性、分析沉积环境。本文首先介绍了随钻密度测井系统的外部应用环境,详述了随钻密度测井仪的总体结构以及采集流程;然后根据测井需求设计了通讯及控制模块,主要包括通讯控制电路和电源控制电路。随钻密度测井仪通讯及控制模块采用“FPGA+MCU”的控制架构,能够根据命令上传采集参数,实现了中控系统对仪器的实时控制;通讯及控制模块连接了随钻密度测井仪中各个功能模块,通过控制各功能模块协同工作,使得随钻密度测井仪能够在井下自主采集,并存储必要的采集信息;通讯及控制模块设计有电源选择电路,能够对三路供电电源按优先级自动进行选择,并通过DC-DC降压电路,产生所需的±12V,±5V,+3.3V,+2.5V和+1.2V等供电电压;随钻密度测井仪中,还设计有电压/电流监测电路,能够对关键模块的供电电压、电流和电量进行了实时监测,并存储监测数据。最后,本文介绍了对通讯及控制模块设计进行验证的一些实验。通过测试通讯控制功能、异常处理功能、存储功能,验证了通讯控制电路的稳定性;通过测试供电电源的智能切换,监测供电,验证了供电系统的可靠性。此外,通过系统联合测试,读出采集数据,得到数据曲线图,表明了通讯及控制模块设计达到了预期的目标。
[Abstract]:Density logging while drilling plays an important role in modern logging. It can evaluate complex oil and gas reservoirs and guide drilling direction during drilling. In the actual logging process, the downhole environment is very complex, and it is in the state of high temperature and high vibration. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop downhole measuring circuit with stable communication and reliable acquisition. By producing gamma rays, the density logging tool records the energy spectrum range of gamma rays in the formation. According to the different energy spectrum ranges, the lithology is divided and the sedimentary environment is analyzed. In this paper, the external application environment of the density logging system while drilling is introduced, and the overall structure and acquisition process of the density logging tool are described in detail, and then the communication and control modules are designed according to the logging requirements. Mainly include communication control circuit and power control circuit. The communication and control module of the density logging tool while drilling adopts the control structure of "FPGA MCU", which can upload the acquisition parameters according to the command, and realize the real-time control of the instrument by the central control system. The communication and control module connects each function module in the density logging tool while drilling. By controlling each function module to work together, the density while drilling logging tool can collect independently in the downhole and store the necessary acquisition information. The communication and control module is designed with a power supply selection circuit, which can automatically select three power supply sources according to priority, and generate the required power supply voltages of 卤12V, 卤5V, 3.3V, 2.5V and 1.2V through the DC-DC step-down circuit. A voltage / current monitoring circuit is also designed, which can monitor the supply voltage, current and quantity of the key modules in real time, and store the monitoring data. Finally, this paper introduces some experiments to verify the design of communication and control module. The stability of the communication control circuit is verified by testing the communication control function, the exception handling function and the storage function, and the reliability of the power supply system is verified by testing the intelligent switching of the power supply and monitoring the power supply. In addition, through the joint test of the system, the collected data are read out, and the graph of the data is obtained, which shows that the design of the communication and control module has achieved the expected goal.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631.83

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