地震资料采集质量控制技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-09-13 09:22

【摘要】：地震资料采集质量控制贯穿了整个采集生产过程,是整个地震勘探工作中非常基础、非常重要的工作。高质量的地震资料是提高地震勘探处理解释精度的关键,目前野外生产中采用人工与计算机结合的方式,工作效率较低而且还存在较大的人为干扰。并且目前相关的地震资料质量控制类软件的方法和功能不全面,有待进一步完善,因此研究一套有效控制地震资料采集质量的方法成为了质量监控工作的必然需求,具有非常大的实用价值。本文首先介绍了野外地震资料采集质量监控工作的重要性和必要性,在此基础上说明了目前地震资料质量控制方法和软件的现状。依托GeoMountain单炮实时监控软件,研究扩展了进行地震资料质量控制的方法,使用QT编程语言实现方法进而对软件进行了功能扩展。研究了两种地震数据实时获取方法,即Windows映射网络驱动器和FTP方法；通过解析SEG-D数据获得判断检波器工作状态的参数,形成检查检波器工作状态的方法；研究形成了基于初至拾取的炮检关系检查方法以及基于初至前后平均能量差异的异常道识别方法。这些方法形成地震资料质量控制技术,并在实际工区中进行了应用,应用效果表明方法能够缩短勘探周期和降低勘探成本,能够很好的控制了资料质量。
[Abstract]:The quality control of seismic data acquisition runs through the whole process of acquisition and production and is a very basic and important work in the whole seismic exploration work. High quality seismic data is the key to improve the interpretation accuracy of seismic exploration and processing. At present, the combination of artificial and computer is used in field production, and the work efficiency is low and there is still more artificial interference. At present, the methods and functions of the relevant software for seismic data quality control are not comprehensive and need to be further improved. Therefore, the study of a set of effective methods to control the quality of seismic data acquisition has become an inevitable requirement of quality control work. It has great practical value. This paper first introduces the importance and necessity of monitoring and controlling the quality of field seismic data acquisition, and on this basis explains the present situation of seismic data quality control methods and software. Based on the real-time monitoring software of GeoMountain single gun, the method of seismic data quality control is studied and extended, and the function of the software is extended by using QT programming language. Two real time acquisition methods of seismic data, namely, Windows mapping network driver and FTP method, are studied, the parameters to judge the working state of geophone are obtained by analyzing SEG-D data, and the method of checking the working state of geophone is formed. The detection method based on the first arrival pickup and the method based on the difference of average energy before and after the first arrival are developed. These methods form the seismic data quality control technology and are applied in the actual work area. The application results show that the method can shorten the exploration period and reduce the exploration cost, and can control the data quality very well.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P631.4

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