鱼卡—大柴旦盆地地下水生态环境效应与生态环境质量评价

发布时间：2018-09-15 06:01

【摘要】：干旱半干旱地区,地下水是活跃的生态因子。本文搜集遥感影像和地形图,开展水位统测、地下水取样、土壤取样等野外工作,研究鱼卡—大柴旦盆地地下水表生生态环境效应,并通过层次分析法和GIS空间分析法评价生态环境质量,得到以下结论:地下水位埋深1 m,以芦苇、苔草为优势物种的沼泽区,植被指数0.3,生态环境质量较好;地下水位埋深1~2 m,以芨芨草、盐角草为优势物种的盐生草甸区,植被指数随地下水位埋深和土壤含盐量增高而降低,生态环境质量一般;地下水位埋深2~3 m,以棱棱为优势物种的高大灌木区,植被指数随土壤含盐量的降低而升高,生态环境质量较好;地下水位埋深3 m,以驼绒藜为优势物种的矮小灌木区,植被指数不随地下水位埋深而变化,生态环境质量较差。
[Abstract]:Groundwater is an active ecological factor in arid and semi-arid areas. In this paper, we collect remote sensing images and topographic maps, carry out field work such as water level system survey, groundwater sampling, soil sampling and so on, to study the surface ecological environment effect of groundwater in Yuka-Da Qaidan Basin. The ecological environmental quality was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and GIS spatial analysis, and the following conclusions were obtained: the groundwater level was 1 m deep, and the vegetation index was 0.3, and the ecological environment quality was better in the swamp area with Reed and Carex species as the dominant species. The vegetation index of the halophytic meadow in which Achnatherum splendens and Artemisia Salina were dominant species decreased with the increase of groundwater level and soil salt content, and the ecological environment quality was normal. The vegetation index increased with the decrease of soil salt content, and the ecological environment quality was better in the high shrub area with 2 ~ 3 m underground water table, with edge as the dominant species, and in the dwarf shrub area with 3 m underground water level, with Chenopodium humpidata as the dominant species. The vegetation index does not change with the depth of groundwater table, and the ecological environment quality is poor.
【作者单位】：中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所;
【基金】：国家地质调查项目(G201505) 国家青年基金资助项目(41302190)
【分类号】：X826;P641

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