高精度地震波场数值模拟方法及其应用研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 07:20
【摘要】：地震波场数值模拟,就是在假定地下介质结构模型和相应的物理参数已知的情况下,模拟研究地震波在地下各种介质中的传播规律,并计算在地面或地下各观测点所观测到的数值地震记录的一种地震模拟方法。该方法是研究复杂地区地震资料采集、处理和解释的有效辅助手段。其方法可以归纳为三类:射线追踪法、积分方程法和波动方程数值解方法。由于波动方程的地震波场数值模拟方法采用数值计算方法直接求解波动方程,包含了地震波的动力学和运动学特征,波场信息丰富,模拟结果较为准确,所以波动方程数值模拟方法一直在地震波场数值模拟中占有重要地位。本文提出了综合建模、弹性正演+叠前处理+偏移处理、流体替换技术的高精度地震波场数值模拟方法。首先从双程波动方程数值模拟方法原理及常规的模型建立方法出发并总结分析,基于常规的模型建立方法的缺点,提出了综合建模的方法,包含精细建模及岩石物理测试数据与测井数据建立精确的参数模型。其次,充分研究各类正演模拟方法,并选择双程弹性波动方程进行正演模拟,对正演记录进行叠前处理和偏移处理,形成一套弹性正演+叠前处理+叠前偏移的新流程,对于高精度地震波场数值模拟是一个新思路。并在最终模型上,采用流体替换技术分析对储层中不同流体饱和状态下的地震响应特征进行数值模拟,为后续油水识别提供可靠的理论基础。最后结合BH地区的实际地震资料进行实例应用分析,得到以下结论:(1)综合建模的方法能够得到更加精细的模型及精确的参数模型;(2)提出了弹性正演+叠前处理+偏移处理的综合方法;(3)在最终的模型上,对储层采用流体替换技术分析,获得各种流体饱和状态下储层的地震反射波场特征,为后续油水识别提供了理论基础;(4)对BH地区的代表性模型采用高精度地震波场数值模拟方法进行分析研究,该研究区的代表性模型的地震响应特征分析具有实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:The numerical simulation of seismic wave field is to simulate and study the propagation law of seismic wave in various underground media on the assumption that the structural model of underground medium and the corresponding physical parameters are known. An earthquake simulation method for calculating the numerical seismic records observed at surface or underground observation points is presented. This method is an effective auxiliary means to study seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation in complex areas. The methods can be divided into three categories: ray tracing method, integral equation method and wave equation numerical solution method. The seismic wave field numerical simulation method of wave equation adopts numerical calculation method to solve wave equation directly, which includes the dynamics and kinematics characteristics of seismic wave, the information of wave field is abundant, and the simulation result is more accurate. Therefore, wave equation numerical simulation method has been playing an important role in seismic wave field numerical simulation. In this paper, a high precision numerical simulation method of seismic wave field is presented, which includes comprehensive modeling, elastic forward prestack migration processing and fluid replacement technique. Firstly, based on the principle of numerical simulation method of two-way wave equation and the conventional modeling method, this paper summarizes and analyzes the shortcomings of the conventional modeling method, and puts forward a comprehensive modeling method. Including fine modeling and rock physical test data and logging data to establish accurate parameter model. Secondly, all kinds of forward modeling methods are fully studied, and two way elastic wave equation is chosen to carry out forward modeling, and prestack processing and migration processing of forward modeling record are carried out to form a new process of elastic forward processing prestack migration. It is a new idea for high precision numerical simulation of seismic wave field. In the final model, the fluid replacement technique is used to analyze the seismic response characteristics of different fluid saturation state in reservoir, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the subsequent oil-water identification. Finally, combined with the actual seismic data in BH area, the practical application analysis is carried out. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the synthetic modeling method can get more precise model and precise parameter model; (2) the synthetic method of elastic forward prestack migration processing is proposed; (3) in the final model, The seismic reflection wave field characteristics of the reservoir under various fluid saturation conditions are obtained by using fluid replacement technique. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent identification of oil and water. (4) the high precision seismic wave field numerical simulation method is used to analyze the representative model in BH area. The seismic response characteristic analysis of the representative model in this study area has practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4
本文编号：2249424
[Abstract]:The numerical simulation of seismic wave field is to simulate and study the propagation law of seismic wave in various underground media on the assumption that the structural model of underground medium and the corresponding physical parameters are known. An earthquake simulation method for calculating the numerical seismic records observed at surface or underground observation points is presented. This method is an effective auxiliary means to study seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation in complex areas. The methods can be divided into three categories: ray tracing method, integral equation method and wave equation numerical solution method. The seismic wave field numerical simulation method of wave equation adopts numerical calculation method to solve wave equation directly, which includes the dynamics and kinematics characteristics of seismic wave, the information of wave field is abundant, and the simulation result is more accurate. Therefore, wave equation numerical simulation method has been playing an important role in seismic wave field numerical simulation. In this paper, a high precision numerical simulation method of seismic wave field is presented, which includes comprehensive modeling, elastic forward prestack migration processing and fluid replacement technique. Firstly, based on the principle of numerical simulation method of two-way wave equation and the conventional modeling method, this paper summarizes and analyzes the shortcomings of the conventional modeling method, and puts forward a comprehensive modeling method. Including fine modeling and rock physical test data and logging data to establish accurate parameter model. Secondly, all kinds of forward modeling methods are fully studied, and two way elastic wave equation is chosen to carry out forward modeling, and prestack processing and migration processing of forward modeling record are carried out to form a new process of elastic forward processing prestack migration. It is a new idea for high precision numerical simulation of seismic wave field. In the final model, the fluid replacement technique is used to analyze the seismic response characteristics of different fluid saturation state in reservoir, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the subsequent oil-water identification. Finally, combined with the actual seismic data in BH area, the practical application analysis is carried out. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the synthetic modeling method can get more precise model and precise parameter model; (2) the synthetic method of elastic forward prestack migration processing is proposed; (3) in the final model, The seismic reflection wave field characteristics of the reservoir under various fluid saturation conditions are obtained by using fluid replacement technique. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent identification of oil and water. (4) the high precision seismic wave field numerical simulation method is used to analyze the representative model in BH area. The seismic response characteristic analysis of the representative model in this study area has practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4
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