准噶尔盆地晚古生代火山岩喷发就位环境及储层意义
发布时间：2018-10-09 17:47
【摘要】：准噶尔盆地及其周缘晚古生代火山岩分布广泛,且与油气成藏关系密切,开发潜力巨大。准噶尔盆地火山岩以陆上喷发为主,水下喷发火山岩陆续有所发现。但二者的识别标志及其储层意义有待进一步研究对比。本文立足于前人的研究成果,在此基础上于研究区进行了野外剖面、火山机构的实地测量,通过收集到的大量原始资料进行镜下鉴定,铸体薄片分析,地球化学研究等,对研究区内准噶尔盆地晚古生代火山岩的岩性、岩相、储集空间进行了分类和描述,对火山岩喷发就位环境模式及其对储层的影响进行了研究。得到了以下认识及结论:1、火山岩岩性岩相特征总结出了适用于研究区的火山岩岩性岩相分类方案,将准噶尔盆地晚古生代火山岩分为4大类33种火山岩及相关岩性,将火山岩相细分为5相14亚相。2、火山岩喷发就位环境的识别归纳总结并提出了适用于研究区的火山岩喷发就位环境特征的岩石学对比方案。包括特征岩性类型及组合、特征结构构造、蚀变特征、产状特征、孔隙特征及火山岩岩相特征、岩石颜色、发育规模、化石组合等。3、火山岩喷发就位模式的建立建立了研究区陆上、水下两种喷发环境的中心式喷发模式。陆上喷发火山机构是由岩浆沿火山通道运移至地表直接与空气接触形成,空间上以火山颈亚相为中心相带,外部的喷溢相及爆发相交替出现,平面展布上多为多层同心圆状,无特殊岩石类型出现。水下喷发火山机构是由岩浆沿火山通道运移后与水接触形成,空间上以侵出相内带亚相为中心,整体呈穹隆状被外部的侵出相外带亚相覆盖,可见珍珠岩、石泡流纹岩及膨润土等特殊岩石类型。4、储集空间类型及组合特征总结归纳出研究区火山岩储集空间划分方案,将全部储集空间类型分为2大类20种,确定了10种储集空间组合类型,分别为:气孔型、裂缝型、孔隙型、气孔+裂缝型、气孔+溶蚀孔型、裂缝+脱玻化孔型、枕状堆积孔—缝型、气孔+次生孔+裂缝型、粒间孔+溶蚀孔+裂缝型、溶蚀孔+裂缝型。5、喷发环境对储层的影响陆上喷发环境的火山岩储集空间类型多、气孔型孔隙相对发育、柱状节理缝发育、层状节理缝发育、溶蚀孔较为发育。这些环境对储层的影响会提升火山岩储层的性能,有利于油气成藏。而水下喷发环境的火山岩储层气孔不发育、裂隙被填充、岩石强烈蚀变,这些特点会降低火山岩储层的储集性能,但脱玻化作用、熔岩球/枕间孔、有机质对火山岩的潜在影响会提升火山岩储层的性能,整体上陆上喷发环境的火山岩储集性能要好于水下喷发环境。
[Abstract]:The late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin and its periphery are widely distributed and are closely related to oil and gas accumulation. The volcanic rocks in Junggar basin are mainly land eruption, and underwater eruption volcanic rocks have been discovered one after another. But their identification marks and reservoir significance need to be further studied and contrasted. Based on the previous research results, this paper has carried out the field profile, the field survey of the volcanic mechanism, the microscopic identification through a large amount of raw data collected, the analysis of the casting sheet, and the geochemical study in the study area, etc. The lithology, lithofacies and reservoir space of late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin are classified and described. The following understanding and conclusion are obtained: the lithofacies characteristics of volcanic rocks summarize the classification scheme of volcanic lithology and lithofacies suitable for the study area, and the late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin are divided into 4 types and 33 types of volcanic rocks and related lithology. The volcanic facies are subdivided into 5 facies 14 subfacies. 2. The identification of volcanic eruption emplacement environment is summarized and a petrological comparison scheme suitable for the characteristics of volcanic eruption emplacement environment in the study area is put forward. Including characteristic lithologic types and assemblages, structural features, alteration features, occurrence characteristics, pore features and volcanic lithofacies characteristics, rock color, development scale, Fossil assemblage, etc., the volcanic eruption emplacement model has established the central eruption model of two kinds of eruption environments in the study area, land and underwater. The volcanic mechanism of land eruption is formed by the magma moving along the volcanic channel to the surface of the earth directly in contact with air, with the subfacies of the volcanic neck as the central facies in space, the exhalation facies and the erupting phase alternately, and the plane spreading in the shape of multi-layer concentric circle. No particular rock type occurs. The underwater volcanic eruption mechanism is formed by the magma moving along the volcanic channel and contacting with water. In space, the subfacies of the inner zone of the transgressive facies is the center, and the whole body is covered by the outer subfacies of the external intrusive facies, and perlite can be seen. The special rock types, such as rhyolite, bentonite and so on. 4. The types and assemblages of reservoir space are summarized and summed up. The scheme of space division of volcanic rocks in the study area is summarized, and all the reservoir space types are divided into 2 categories and 20 kinds. Ten types of reservoir space assemblages are determined, which are stomatal type, fracture type, pore crack type, pore dissolution pore type, fracture devitalization pore type, pillow-shaped stacking pore fracture type, pore secondary pore fracture type, and so on. Intergranular pore dissolution pore fracture type, solution pore fracture type. 5. The volcanic reservoir space type of volcanic rock which has the influence of eruption environment on the reservoir is many, the porosity of pore type is relatively developed, the columnar joint is developed, and the layered joint is developed. The dissolution hole is more developed. The effect of these environments on the reservoir will improve the performance of volcanic reservoir and facilitate oil and gas accumulation. However, the porosity of volcanic reservoir in underwater eruption environment is not developed, the fissure is filled, and the rock is strongly altered. These characteristics will reduce the reservoir performance of volcanic rock reservoir, but devitrification, lava ball / occipital pore, The potential effect of organic matter on volcanic rock will improve the performance of volcanic reservoir, and the reservoir performance of volcanic rock in land eruption environment is better than that in underwater eruption environment.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;P588.14
[Abstract]:The late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin and its periphery are widely distributed and are closely related to oil and gas accumulation. The volcanic rocks in Junggar basin are mainly land eruption, and underwater eruption volcanic rocks have been discovered one after another. But their identification marks and reservoir significance need to be further studied and contrasted. Based on the previous research results, this paper has carried out the field profile, the field survey of the volcanic mechanism, the microscopic identification through a large amount of raw data collected, the analysis of the casting sheet, and the geochemical study in the study area, etc. The lithology, lithofacies and reservoir space of late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin are classified and described. The following understanding and conclusion are obtained: the lithofacies characteristics of volcanic rocks summarize the classification scheme of volcanic lithology and lithofacies suitable for the study area, and the late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin are divided into 4 types and 33 types of volcanic rocks and related lithology. The volcanic facies are subdivided into 5 facies 14 subfacies. 2. The identification of volcanic eruption emplacement environment is summarized and a petrological comparison scheme suitable for the characteristics of volcanic eruption emplacement environment in the study area is put forward. Including characteristic lithologic types and assemblages, structural features, alteration features, occurrence characteristics, pore features and volcanic lithofacies characteristics, rock color, development scale, Fossil assemblage, etc., the volcanic eruption emplacement model has established the central eruption model of two kinds of eruption environments in the study area, land and underwater. The volcanic mechanism of land eruption is formed by the magma moving along the volcanic channel to the surface of the earth directly in contact with air, with the subfacies of the volcanic neck as the central facies in space, the exhalation facies and the erupting phase alternately, and the plane spreading in the shape of multi-layer concentric circle. No particular rock type occurs. The underwater volcanic eruption mechanism is formed by the magma moving along the volcanic channel and contacting with water. In space, the subfacies of the inner zone of the transgressive facies is the center, and the whole body is covered by the outer subfacies of the external intrusive facies, and perlite can be seen. The special rock types, such as rhyolite, bentonite and so on. 4. The types and assemblages of reservoir space are summarized and summed up. The scheme of space division of volcanic rocks in the study area is summarized, and all the reservoir space types are divided into 2 categories and 20 kinds. Ten types of reservoir space assemblages are determined, which are stomatal type, fracture type, pore crack type, pore dissolution pore type, fracture devitalization pore type, pillow-shaped stacking pore fracture type, pore secondary pore fracture type, and so on. Intergranular pore dissolution pore fracture type, solution pore fracture type. 5. The volcanic reservoir space type of volcanic rock which has the influence of eruption environment on the reservoir is many, the porosity of pore type is relatively developed, the columnar joint is developed, and the layered joint is developed. The dissolution hole is more developed. The effect of these environments on the reservoir will improve the performance of volcanic reservoir and facilitate oil and gas accumulation. However, the porosity of volcanic reservoir in underwater eruption environment is not developed, the fissure is filled, and the rock is strongly altered. These characteristics will reduce the reservoir performance of volcanic rock reservoir, but devitrification, lava ball / occipital pore, The potential effect of organic matter on volcanic rock will improve the performance of volcanic reservoir, and the reservoir performance of volcanic rock in land eruption environment is better than that in underwater eruption environment.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;P588.14
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