基于录井数据的三维地质建模方法研究

发布时间：2018-10-13 17:30

【摘要】：录井数据记录了钻井过程中的各种信息,是地质分析解释、指导勘探开采的基础。随着计算机技术的发展以及录井行业的需求变化,传统的以二维图件来展示、分析、处理录井数据的方法已经不能满足深入理解地质构造的要求,三维地质模型以其传递信息的直观性、完整性等优势,已成为发展的必然趋势。本文从属性建模和构造建模两个方面,研究基于录井数据的三维地质建模方法。主要研究内容与研究成果包括以下几个方面：1)论述三维地质建模的基本理论和常用方法,对不同方法进行对比分析,总结各个模型的优缺点和适用范围,为本文的研究奠定基础。2)研究录井数据的分类以及不同类别的数据在三维建模中的作用,阐述录井数据未经过分层处理的特点,分析录井数据的空间特征,总结录井数据对属性建模和构造建模的要求,明确本文的研究目标。3)分析普通克里金方法的基本原理,在此基础上,采用按海拔搜索的方式,以变组长进行分组,计算实验半变异函数,分别研究球面模型、局部加权拟合和三次多项式拟合的半变异函数拟合方法,通过井内估计和井间估计实验,验证三次多项式拟合方法更能够适应录井数据的分布特点,估计结果精度较高。4)研究构造建模中的表面模型和实体模型。研究曲面三角网格法,以刻画目的层的不规则结构,降低模型对数据的依赖性。利用规则网格模型和长方体实体模型的转换,实现录井数据的快速展示与辅助地质分析的目的。5)分析与设计基于录井数据的三维地质建模系统,讨论系统的架构和模块划分,设计相应的三维数据库,对系统进行编码实现。通过应用实例,验证本文研究方法的可行性与有效性。本文研究的三维建模方法,实现了录井数据的三维展示与分析,模型的精度较高,能够满足录井行业的需求,对于促进录井行业的发展具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Logging data record all kinds of information in drilling process, which is the basis of geological analysis and interpretation, guiding exploration and exploitation. With the development of computer technology and the change of mud logging demand, the traditional method of displaying, analyzing and processing logging data with two-dimensional maps can not meet the requirements of deep understanding of geological structure. 3D geological model has become an inevitable trend of development because of its advantages such as the intuitiveness and integrity of information transmission. In this paper, the 3D geological modeling method based on mud logging data is studied from two aspects: attribute modeling and structural modeling. The main research contents and results include the following aspects: 1) the basic theory and common methods of 3D geological modeling are discussed, the different methods are compared and analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages and applicable scope of each model are summarized. 2) studying the classification of logging data and the role of different types of data in 3D modeling, expounding the characteristics of logging data without stratification processing, and analyzing the spatial characteristics of logging data. This paper summarizes the requirements of mud logging data for attribute modeling and structural modeling, and clarifies the research objectives of this paper. 3) analyzing the basic principles of the common Kriging method. The semi-variogram fitting methods of spherical model, local weighted fitting and cubic polynomial fitting are studied, respectively. The experiments of in-well estimation and cross-well estimation are carried out. It is verified that the cubic polynomial fitting method is more suitable for the distribution of logging data, and the accuracy of estimation results is high. 4) the surface model and solid model in structural modeling are studied. In order to depict the irregular structure of the target layer and reduce the dependence of the model on the data, the triangular mesh method of curved surface is studied. By using the transformation of regular grid model and cuboid solid model, the purpose of rapid display of logging data and auxiliary geological analysis is realized. 5) the 3D geological modeling system based on logging data is analyzed and designed, and the architecture and module partition of the system are discussed. Design the corresponding three-dimensional database and code the system. The feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified by an application example. The 3D modeling method studied in this paper realizes the 3D display and analysis of logging data. The accuracy of the model is high, which can meet the needs of logging industry, and has important practical significance to promote the development of logging industry.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P628.3

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