伊利诺伊盆地地震反射数据处理和解译

发布时间：2018-11-03 16:25

【摘要】：伊利诺伊盆地中包含有多层含油地层，是近一个世纪以来美国主要的油气产区，但是由于开采年限较长以及当今社会对油气资源需求激增，原有探明的存量明显不能满足新的要求，所以有必要对该产油区进行进一步的勘探。本论文以某石油公司在伊利诺伊盆地的一条2D地震数据为基础，详尽的应用相关地震数据处理方法，综合解释了地下赋存油气的可能性。首先从地震剖面原始数据中可以看出，整个地震记录中存在面波、声波等干扰波，此外在203测道上有一个与震源位置相关的噪声。这些噪声的存在对地震数据的处理和解释造成困难。通过对原始数据的分析处理，可以发现在结合FK滤波处理、速度分析与叠加以及迭代剩余静校正以后，原始数据中由面波、声波和固定震源产生的噪声得到了有效的抑制，处理结果提高了地震剖面的成图质量。此外，资料解释过程中，结合伊利诺伊地质调查局提供的测井数据使用了提取子波与测井数据生成人工合成地震记录，，包括New Albany地层的底部，Maquoketa地层和Trenton地层的顶部的以及Knox地层的顶部。最后通过地震剖面以及AVO分析方法，发现地震波振幅在Trenton地层中存在着“反相位”特性与“亮点”异常。本论文探索一种确定地下油气层的有效方式。
[Abstract]:The Illinois Basin contains many layers of oil-bearing strata, which are the major oil and gas producing areas in the United States for nearly a century. However, due to the long production years and the surge in demand for oil and gas resources in today's society, The original proven stock obviously can not meet the new requirements, so it is necessary to carry out further exploration in the oil-producing area. Based on a 2D seismic data of an oil company in the Illinois Basin, this paper comprehensively explains the possibility of underground oil and gas accumulation by using the relevant seismic data processing method. First, it can be seen from the original data of seismic profile that there are interference waves such as surface waves and sound waves in the whole seismic record, in addition, there is a noise related to the location of the earthquake source on the 203 track. The presence of these noises makes it difficult to process and interpret seismic data. Through the analysis and processing of the original data, it can be found that the noise generated by surface wave, acoustic wave and fixed source in the original data is effectively suppressed after the combination of FK filtering, velocity analysis and superposition, and iterative residual static correction. The processing results improve the mapping quality of seismic profiles. In addition, during the data interpretation process, combined with the logging data provided by the Illinois Geological Survey, extracted wavelet and logging data were used to generate synthetic seismic records, including the bottom of the New Albany formation. The top of the Maquoketa and Trenton formations and the top of the Knox formation. Finally, by means of seismic profile and AVO analysis, it is found that the amplitude of seismic wave has "inverse phase" characteristic and "bright spot" anomaly in Trenton formation. This paper explores an effective way to determine underground oil and gas reservoirs.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.44;P618.13

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