跨地裂缝建筑物基础破坏机理和影响范围的研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 08:25

【摘要】：西安地裂缝是一种特殊的区域性地质灾害,给西安市的城市建设、工农业发展造成很大的危害,给人民的人生安全和财产安全构成了巨大的威胁,同时还严重制约着西安的城市规划、土地的合理有效利用、地下水的开采和城市地下空间的开发利用。正是西安地裂缝的引起地面沉降灾害的特殊性和威胁城市发展进程与人居安全的严重性,引起了地质界的高度重视,对地裂缝进行了近数十年的研究,在地裂缝的勘察、形成机理和防治对策方面取得了众多研究成果。本文大量收集西安市地裂缝的勘察资料和研究成果,综合现场调查与现场钻探、室内土工试验、数值模拟,重点分析了跨地裂缝带建筑物的破坏机制和地裂缝带的影响宽度。首先,收集了地裂缝的区域地质资料,简单阐述了西安地裂缝发育的地质背景和分布规律。然后通过对西安市建筑物受地裂缝破坏影响的调查,收集地裂缝活动影响下建筑物破坏的信息资料,建立了跨地裂缝建筑物基础在地裂缝作用下的力学模型,从宏观上总结和分析跨地裂缝建筑物破坏致灾的规律,进而研究地裂缝对建筑物基础的破坏机制。其次,在已有地裂缝科研成果的基础上,从西安地裂缝运动的活动特征、地裂缝带两侧岩土物理力学性质差异性和地裂缝的破裂区范围及影响区范围三个方面着重探讨了跨地裂缝带建筑物受地裂缝影响的主要因素。最后,以有限元数值模拟分析为依据,来研究建筑物基础跨越不同倾角地裂缝时的破坏机理模式和不同倾角地裂缝的影响范围,并初步提出地裂缝带上建筑物的防治措施。
[Abstract]:Xi'an ground fissure is a special regional geological disaster, which causes great harm to the construction of Xi'an city and the development of industry and agriculture, and poses a great threat to the safety of people's life and property. At the same time, it also restricts the urban planning of Xi'an, the rational and effective utilization of land, the exploitation of groundwater and the development and utilization of urban underground space. It is the particularity of the ground subsidence disaster caused by the ground fissures in Xi'an, the seriousness of threatening the development process of the city and the security of human settlements, which has aroused the great attention of the geological circles. The research on the ground fissures has been carried out in recent decades, and the investigation of the ground fissures has been carried out. Many research achievements have been made on the formation mechanism and prevention and cure measures. This paper collects a large number of survey data and research results of ground fissures in Xi'an city, synthesizes field investigation and field drilling, laboratory geotechnical test, numerical simulation, and emphatically analyzes the failure mechanism of buildings and the influence width of ground fissures zone. Firstly, the regional geological data of the ground fractures are collected, and the geological background and distribution of the ground fractures in Xi'an are briefly described. Secondly, by investigating the influence of ground crack on buildings in Xi'an city, collecting the information of the damage of buildings under the influence of ground fissures, the mechanical model of the foundation of cross-ground fissures under the action of ground fissures is established. This paper summarizes and analyzes the damage and disaster law of buildings with cross-ground fissures from macroscopic view, and then studies the damage mechanism of ground fissures to the foundation of buildings. Secondly, on the basis of the existing scientific research results of ground fissures, from the characteristics of the movement of ground fissures in Xi'an, The difference of physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil on both sides of the ground fissure zone and the range of the fracture zone and the influence area of the ground fracture zone are discussed in this paper. The main factors which affect the structure of the cross ground fracture zone by the ground crack are discussed emphatically. Finally, based on the finite element numerical simulation analysis, the failure mechanism model and the influence range of the ground cracks with different inclination angles are studied, and the prevention measures of the buildings in the ground cracks belt are put forward preliminarily.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU470;P642.26

【引证文献】