攀枝花市山地灾害防治工程技术中心建设与运行管理研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 17:26

【摘要】：中国有将近2/3的国土面积为山地,同时又处于太平洋板块、欧亚板块的交界地带,其地理环境决定了我国是一个山地灾害发生十分频繁和灾害损失极为严重的国家。而攀枝花处于我国西南部,是典型的山区,具有旱、雨季气候分明特点,冬季持续干旱,夏季多强降雨天气,极易诱发崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等山地灾害。在此背景下,结合中国十九冶集团在山地灾害方面的技术优势,在攀枝花市政府的支持下,成立了“中国十九冶·攀枝花市山地灾害防治工程技术研究中心”,通过两年的建设期,在山地灾害防治技术中心的建设与管理方面积累了一定经验,论文主要工作有。1、山地灾害防治技术中心平台管理体系针对山地灾害防治技术中心平台的技术密集型特点以及技术中心平台的通用、可持续性要求,构建了以专家决策系统为核心、科研管理、工程项目管理以及风险管理三大模块组成的山地灾害防治技术中心平台管理体系。其中,科研管理强调“方案评审与过程检查”,以降低科研风险；工程项目管理融合三标一体化管理理念,并强调项目实施初期、中期、后期中工程问题总结,形成技术资料；风险管理强调风险控制成本,使之与风险可能的损失达到平衡,并以常见滑坡事故为例,采用事故树分析方法对其风险进行了评估,结果表明,气象条件因素重要度最高,在制定防范措施时,应尤其注意坡面排水措施的完善,防止雨水侵入坡内。2、山地灾害防治工程技术中心平台建设山地灾害防治技术中心平台建设目标是获得山地灾害防治方面的先进技术储备,建立高效、专业的山地灾害防治技术人才队伍,形成具有影响力的技术服务平台。在平台科学管理体系支撑下,对现有试验设备等基础设施进行了更新改造,具备了较完整的室内试验、原位测试、无损测试、现场监测检测项目、地质灾害监测及地质灾害模拟试验系统。同时,与外部高校、科研机构建立了长期合作关系,加强人员交流培训。建设期内,在攀枝花辖区内圆满完成地灾治理、边坡勘察设计共13项,累积实现产值约5000万元,完成科研项目2项,平台建设取得了良好开端。3、山地灾害防治工程技术中心运行管理山地灾害防治技术中心平台参照现代企业制度运作,实行“自主经营、自负盈亏、自我完善、滚动发展”的模式,形成了高效运转管理制度、建立开放流动人员选聘机制、健全激励的分配制度以及建立全程跟踪的项目管理制度,为平台的稳定运行提供了有力保障。
[Abstract]:Nearly two thirds of China's land area is mountainous, at the same time in the Pacific plate, Eurasian plate of the border zone, its geographical environment determines that China is a country where mountain disasters occur frequently and disaster losses are extremely serious. Panzhihua is a typical mountainous area in the southwest of China, which has the characteristics of drought, rainy season climate, continuous drought in winter and more severe rainfall in summer. It is easy to induce mountain disasters such as collapse, landslide, debris flow and so on. Under this background, with the support of Panzhihua city government and combining with the technical advantages of Nineteen Metallurgical Group of China in mountain disaster, the Technical Research Center of Mountain disaster Prevention and Control in Nineteen Metallurgical City of China has been established. Through the construction period of two years, we have accumulated some experience in the construction and management of the technical center for mountain disaster prevention and control. The main work of this paper is: 1. In view of the technology-intensive characteristics of the technology center platform for mountain disaster prevention and control and the general and sustainable requirements of the technology center platform, a scientific research management system with expert decision system as the core is constructed. The platform management system of the technical center of mountain disaster prevention and control is composed of three modules of project management and risk management. Among them, scientific research management emphasizes "plan review and process check" to reduce the risk of scientific research, engineering project management integrates the concept of "three standards" integrated management, and emphasizes the summary of engineering problems in the initial, middle and middle stages of project implementation, and forms technical data. Risk management emphasizes the cost of risk control and makes it balanced with the possible loss of risk. Taking common landslide accidents as an example, the risk is evaluated by using the method of accident tree analysis. The results show that meteorological conditions are the most important factor. In formulating preventive measures, special attention should be paid to the improvement of drainage measures on slopes so as to prevent Rain Water from invading the slopes. The goal of the construction of mountain disaster prevention and control technology center platform is to obtain the advanced technical reserve of mountain disaster prevention and control, and to establish an efficient and professional team of technical personnel for mountain disaster prevention and control. Form an influential technical service platform. Supported by the scientific management system of the platform, the existing experimental equipment and other infrastructure have been updated and reformed, with complete indoor tests, in-situ testing, non-destructive testing, on-site monitoring and testing projects. Geological hazard monitoring and geological hazard simulation test system. At the same time, with external universities, scientific research institutions to establish a long-term relationship, strengthen personnel exchange and training. In the period of construction, in Panzhihua district, 13 projects of slope survey and design have been successfully completed, the cumulative output value is about 50 million yuan, 2 scientific research projects have been completed, and the platform construction has made a good start. Operation and Management of Mountain disaster Control Engineering and Technology Center platform for Mountain disaster Prevention and Technology Center with reference to the operation of modern enterprise system, the mode of "self-management, self-responsibility for profit and loss, self-improvement and rolling development" is implemented. The establishment of efficient operation management system, the establishment of open floating personnel selection and employment mechanism, the improvement of incentive distribution system and the establishment of project management system to track the whole process, which provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the platform.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P694

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