西藏鄂雅错盐湖卤水地球化学特征及成矿机理

发布时间：2018-11-27 08:40

【摘要】：青藏高原盐湖区是我国四大现代盐湖区之一,盐湖矿产资源十分丰富。鄂雅错盐湖位于藏北(羌塘)高原西北部,是近年来新发现的具有寻找富钾、锂、硼卤水矿潜力较大的盐湖。由于自然环境等多方面的因素,其研究程度较低,特别是对于鄂雅错湖卤水成分的组合演变,以及有用、有害元素的含量与分布等问题研究不足,在一定程度上制约了该盐湖找矿潜力评价及开发利用。本文以涉及盐湖方面的前沿学科研究领域及国家战略需求对鄂雅错盐湖采用水文地球化学方法进行系统的地球化学研究分析工作,研究成果对鄂雅错盐湖区富钾、锂、硼卤水找矿及开发利用提供了一定的理论依据,具有重要的参考价值。主要通过对盐湖卤水矿矿区地质特征、成矿机理研究掌握鄂雅错盐湖区域成矿背景及其水文地质特征;通过对卤水化学组分分析研究,总结出其横向、纵向组分含量变化规律;通过对卤水等温蒸发实验分析,了解其卤水蒸发过程中的相化学行为及可能的析盐规律。综上得出结论鄂雅错盐湖卤水矿主要为湖表卤水,其盐湖成矿严格受地形、地貌、水文气候及古地理环境等控制。依据盐湖卤水的分类,鄂雅错湖属于硫酸盐型硫酸钠(镁)亚类盐湖,它的形成需要具备三个条件:闭流或者半闭流的成盐盆地;多种化学元素,特别是成盐元素不断地补给及富集;长期持续的湿润—干旱交替古气候及干旱的现代气候环境。
[Abstract]:The salt lake area of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is one of the four modern salt lakes in China, which is rich in mineral resources. Eyabo salt lake is located in the northwest of the northern Tibet (Qiangtang) plateau. It is a new salt lake with the potential of searching for rich potassium, lithium and boron brines in recent years. Due to many factors, such as natural environment, its research degree is low, especially for the combination and evolution of brine composition, useful and harmful element content and distribution in Eyazuo Lake. To some extent, it restricts the evaluation of prospecting potential and exploitation of the salt lake. In this paper, the hydrogeochemistry method is used to study and analyze the salt lake of Eyakao by using hydrogeochemical method, which is based on the frontier research field and the national strategic demand of the salt lake. The results show that the salt lake is rich in potassium and lithium. Boron brine prospecting and exploitation provide some theoretical basis and have important reference value. Through the study of geological characteristics and metallogenic mechanism of salt lake brine ore area, the metallogenic background and hydrogeological characteristics of Eyabo salt lake area are grasped, the variation law of horizontal and longitudinal component content is summarized by analyzing and studying the chemical composition of brine. By analyzing the isothermal evaporation of brine, the phase chemical behavior and the possible salt evolution of the brine were studied. It is concluded that the salt lake brine deposit is mainly lacustrine surface brine, and its salt lake mineralization is strictly controlled by topography, geomorphology, hydrological climate and paleogeographic environment. According to the classification of salt lake brine, Eyabo Lake belongs to sulfate type sodium sulfate (magnesium) subclass salt lake, and its formation needs three conditions: closed or semi-closed salt-forming basin; Many chemical elements, especially salt-forming elements, are continuously replenished and enriched.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P619.211

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