楚雄盆地构造演化及油气成藏条件研究

发布时间：2018-12-09 13:15

【摘要】：本论文是通过地面地质、钻井和地震资料的综合解释与研究工作,结合前人的科研成果对楚雄盆地构造展布特征、构造演化及生、储、盖等石油地质条件研究,在此前提下,开展楚雄盆地构造格局和演化特征研究；弄清盆地断裂及空间展布；明确盆地构造演化及断裂活动对油气成藏的影响,优选楚雄盆地油气资源远景区。以盆地构造格局及演化特征研究为主线,联系楚雄盆地盆地演化、改造过程,抓住圈闭形成期与主要生排烃期的匹配关系以及各期构造运动对油气藏的改造破坏性质等关键重点问题,全方位分析构造演化和油气赋存等石油地质条件。在完成论文过程中查阅楚雄盆地盆地构造、沉积地层、成藏演化、烃源岩研究等相关研究论文资料128篇；收集研究区内相关的区域地质、资源评价、原型盆地恢复与评价、保存条件研究及相关的地震剖面等资料,钻井资料3口；进行地震剖面综合地质解释820剖面公里；野外地质路线调查75剖面公里。通过上述研究取得对楚雄盆地勘探前景的认识。(1)楚雄盆地在晚三叠世早期(T3y和T31)属于前陆盆地,哀牢山为与之伴生的造山带,前渊位于西部推覆带(云南驿组和罗家大山组沉积厚度均超过1000米)。晚三叠世干海资期—白垩纪,楚雄盆地属断-坳陷盆地,但在喜山期受到强烈改造,由于仅元谋凸起附近发育少量的古近系,总体上盆地属中生代残留克拉通坳陷盆地。(2)盆地主力生油岩(上三叠统)均分布于西部,烃源条件较好,而盆地东部云龙、东山凹陷主力生油岩在下寒武统、泥盆系,但其规模有限,且西部盆地存在着大量的油苗、气苗和沥青点,因此盆地西部成藏条件优于东部。(3)盆地西部,沉积有较厚的云南驿组和罗家大山组,烃源条件好,多期构造运动形成众多的大小圈闭,且地表有较多的沥青与油苗,应存在构造改造后的次生油藏。(4)盆地中部凹陷区内构造,受后期喜山运动改造强烈,但这时上三叠统烃源岩进入生气高峰期,具备形成气藏构造的条件,同时亦会对前期燕山晚期成藏的构造进行改造,形成次生油气藏。(5)西部逆冲推覆断裂带下盘构造,具有近油源,遭受后构造影响较弱,保存条件相对良好,应是西部推覆带下步勘探目标,这也可能是楚雄盆地取得油气勘探突破的目标之一。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the comprehensive interpretation and research work of surface geology, drilling and seismic data, combined with previous scientific research results to study the characteristics of tectonic distribution, structural evolution and petroleum geological conditions, such as generation, reservoir, cap and so on in Chuxiong Basin. To study the tectonic framework and evolution characteristics of Chuxiong Basin; It is clear that the fault and spatial distribution of the basin and the influence of tectonic evolution and fault activity on oil and gas accumulation in the basin. Based on the study of the tectonic framework and evolution characteristics of the basin, the evolution and transformation process of the Chuxiong Basin are connected. The key problems such as the matching relationship between trap formation stage and main hydrocarbon generation and expulsion period and the reconstruction and destruction properties of oil and gas reservoirs by tectonic movement in each stage are grasped and the petroleum geological conditions such as tectonic evolution and oil and gas occurrence are analyzed in all directions. In the process of completion of the paper, 128 papers were consulted, such as structure, sedimentary strata, reservoir formation and evolution of Chuxiong basin, study of hydrocarbon source rock, etc. The relevant regional geology, resource evaluation, prototype basin restoration and evaluation, preservation condition research and related seismic profile data were collected, drilling data were collected and 3 wells were drilled, and 820 km comprehensive geological interpretation of seismic profile was carried out. Field geological route survey 75 km. The exploration prospect of Chuxiong basin is obtained through the above research. (1) the Chuxiong basin belongs to the Foreland basin in the early late Triassic (T3y and T31), and Ailaoshan is the orogenic belt associated with it. Qianyuan is located in the western nappe zone (the sedimentary thickness of Yunnanyi formation and Luojiashan formation is more than 1000 meters). The late Triassic drying-Cretaceous, Chuxiong basin belongs to the fault-depression basin, but was strongly modified in the Himalayan period, due to the development of a small number of Paleogene systems near the Yuanmou uplift. Generally speaking, the basin is a Mesozoic residual craton depression basin. (2) the main source rocks (upper Triassic) are distributed in the western part of the basin, and the hydrocarbon source conditions are good, while the main source rocks of Yunlong and Dongshan sag in the eastern part of the basin are in the Lower Cambrian and Devonian. But its scale is limited, and there are a lot of oil, gas and asphalt spots in the western basin, so the reservoir forming conditions in the western part of the basin are superior to those in the east. (3) in the western part of the basin, there are thick Yunnanyi formation and Luojiashan formation, and the hydrocarbon source conditions are good. The multi-stage tectonic movement forms numerous traps, and there are more bitumen and oil seedlings on the surface, so there should be secondary reservoirs after structural transformation. (4) the structure in the central depression of the basin is strongly modified by the late Himalayan movement. But at this time, the source rocks of the Upper Triassic have entered the peak of gas generation and have the conditions for forming the gas reservoir structure. At the same time, the reservoir forming structure of the late Yanshanian period will be reformed to form the secondary oil and gas reservoir. (5) the downboard structure of the western thrust-nappe fault zone, Because of its near oil source, weak post-tectonic influence and relatively good preservation conditions, it should be the next exploration target in the western nappe, which may also be one of the targets for oil and gas exploration breakthrough in Chuxiong Basin.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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