基于确定性子波处理的鬼波压制方法
发布时间：2018-12-22 08:14
【摘要】：鬼波干扰是海洋地震勘探中始终存在的难题,长期没有得到根本的解决,严重制约了地震勘探技术的进步。目前多数压制方法一般仅针对电缆鬼波,无法很好地压制震源鬼波。本文提出了一种基于确定性子波处理的鬼波压制方法,先获取远场子波,再由远场子波获得3种类型的地震子波,并求取子波之间的匹配算子,然后将算子应用于实际地震数据,最终获得压制鬼波的结果。该方法要求地震采集过程中气枪震源子波相对稳定,通过各种方法获得的子波与实际子波基本接近。理论模型测试结果表明,本文方法能够同时压制电缆鬼波和震源鬼波,即使受地层吸收衰减的影响,依然能够获得较为准确的结果。实际资料应用效果表明,使用本文方法进行鬼波压制处理后,地震资料剖面波组特征清晰,反射同相轴单一,有利于构造解释工作;地震资料频谱频带宽,高低频能量丰富,无明显陷频点,有利于储层反演工作。
[Abstract]:Ghost wave interference is always a difficult problem in marine seismic exploration, which has not been solved fundamentally for a long time, which seriously restricts the progress of seismic exploration technology. At present, most of the suppression methods are mainly aimed at cable ghost wave, which can not suppress the source ghost wave well. In this paper, a method of ghost wave suppression based on deterministic wavelet processing is proposed. The far-field wavelet is obtained first, then three types of seismic wavelet are obtained from the far-field wavelet, and the matching operator between the wavelet is obtained. Then the operator is applied to the actual seismic data and the result of suppressing ghost waves is obtained. This method requires the air gun source wavelet to be relatively stable in the process of seismic acquisition, and the wavelet obtained by various methods is basically close to the actual wavelet. The theoretical model test results show that the proposed method can suppress both cable and source ghost waves and obtain more accurate results even if affected by the attenuation of formation absorption. The results of practical data application show that the seismic profile wave group characteristics are clear and the reflection cophase axis is single, which is beneficial to structural interpretation. The frequency spectrum bandwidth of seismic data is rich in high and low frequency energy, and there is no obvious trapping frequency point, which is beneficial to reservoir inversion.
【作者单位】： 中海油研究总院;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技重大专项“南海深水区油气勘探地球物理关键技术(编号:2011ZH05025-001)”部分研究成果
【分类号】：P631.4
本文编号：2389546
[Abstract]:Ghost wave interference is always a difficult problem in marine seismic exploration, which has not been solved fundamentally for a long time, which seriously restricts the progress of seismic exploration technology. At present, most of the suppression methods are mainly aimed at cable ghost wave, which can not suppress the source ghost wave well. In this paper, a method of ghost wave suppression based on deterministic wavelet processing is proposed. The far-field wavelet is obtained first, then three types of seismic wavelet are obtained from the far-field wavelet, and the matching operator between the wavelet is obtained. Then the operator is applied to the actual seismic data and the result of suppressing ghost waves is obtained. This method requires the air gun source wavelet to be relatively stable in the process of seismic acquisition, and the wavelet obtained by various methods is basically close to the actual wavelet. The theoretical model test results show that the proposed method can suppress both cable and source ghost waves and obtain more accurate results even if affected by the attenuation of formation absorption. The results of practical data application show that the seismic profile wave group characteristics are clear and the reflection cophase axis is single, which is beneficial to structural interpretation. The frequency spectrum bandwidth of seismic data is rich in high and low frequency energy, and there is no obvious trapping frequency point, which is beneficial to reservoir inversion.
【作者单位】： 中海油研究总院;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技重大专项“南海深水区油气勘探地球物理关键技术(编号:2011ZH05025-001)”部分研究成果
【分类号】：P631.4
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