速度场及深度偏移方法的优化与应用
发布时间：2019-01-07 16:02
【摘要】：目前,常规油气资源的地区的高度勘探化使得油气勘探任务不得不面对勘探区地表条件和地下地质构造特征更加复杂的问题,这对复杂条件下地质构造的准确成像提出了挑战。叠前深度偏移无疑是完成这个挑战的重要手段,但是叠前深度偏移对速度模型的准确性十分敏感,如何高效率地获得准确的速度-深度模型就成了我们要解决好的一个问题了。现有的速度建模方法众多,不同的方法有其各自的特点和规律,如果能对其加以总结,对于速度建模来说,则可以达到事半功倍的效果。本文以正演模拟复杂程度不同的叠前道集记录为基础,分别在初始速度场建立方法、速度场修改以及偏移成像方法等主要环节,对主流的方法进行试验,通过方法优化分析,影响因素分析,适用条件分析等手段,详细总结了在各个环节各种方法的特点及规律,经过有机的组合,提出了适合各种复杂条件下的速度模型建立及修改以及偏移方法和实用的工作流程,继续应用该流程对模型数据进行速度建模及叠前深度偏移,与其他常规的方法相比的结果验证了该套工作流程的有效性。将本文提出的实用的速度建模方法和工作流程,应用到实际资料的处理当中,取得了比较理想的深度域成像效果。
[Abstract]:At present, the high degree of exploration in the area of conventional oil and gas resources makes the exploration task have to face the problem of more complex surface conditions and underground geological structure characteristics in the exploration area, which challenges the accurate imaging of geological structures under complex conditions. Prestack depth migration is undoubtedly an important means to accomplish this challenge, but prestack depth migration is very sensitive to the accuracy of velocity model. There are many existing velocity modeling methods, different methods have their own characteristics and laws, if they can be summarized, for speed modeling, it can achieve twice the result with half the effort. On the basis of prestack gather records with different complexity of forward modeling, this paper tests the mainstream methods in the main links, such as initial velocity field establishment method, velocity field modification and migration imaging method, and then optimizes the analysis by the method. By means of analysis of influencing factors, analysis of applicable conditions, and so on, the characteristics and laws of various methods in each link are summarized in detail, after organic combination, The velocity model establishment and modification as well as migration method and practical workflow are put forward under various complicated conditions. The velocity modeling and prestack depth migration of model data are carried out by using this flow. The results compared with other conventional methods verify the effectiveness of the workflow. The practical velocity modeling method and workflow presented in this paper are applied to the processing of practical data and the ideal depth domain imaging effect is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4
本文编号：2403851
[Abstract]:At present, the high degree of exploration in the area of conventional oil and gas resources makes the exploration task have to face the problem of more complex surface conditions and underground geological structure characteristics in the exploration area, which challenges the accurate imaging of geological structures under complex conditions. Prestack depth migration is undoubtedly an important means to accomplish this challenge, but prestack depth migration is very sensitive to the accuracy of velocity model. There are many existing velocity modeling methods, different methods have their own characteristics and laws, if they can be summarized, for speed modeling, it can achieve twice the result with half the effort. On the basis of prestack gather records with different complexity of forward modeling, this paper tests the mainstream methods in the main links, such as initial velocity field establishment method, velocity field modification and migration imaging method, and then optimizes the analysis by the method. By means of analysis of influencing factors, analysis of applicable conditions, and so on, the characteristics and laws of various methods in each link are summarized in detail, after organic combination, The velocity model establishment and modification as well as migration method and practical workflow are put forward under various complicated conditions. The velocity modeling and prestack depth migration of model data are carried out by using this flow. The results compared with other conventional methods verify the effectiveness of the workflow. The practical velocity modeling method and workflow presented in this paper are applied to the processing of practical data and the ideal depth domain imaging effect is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4
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