湖盆浊积岩分类特征研究及地质建模

发布时间：2019-01-26 16:43

【摘要】：湖盆浊积岩多发育在深湖、半深湖环境中,具有良好的生储盖条件,易形成储量丰度比较高的岩性油气藏,是目前我国东部老油区滚动勘探开发的重点目标。但由于浊积岩具有砂体规模小、变化大、非均质性强等特点,勘探难度大,开发难度大。因此,通过湖盆浊积岩的成因分类,深入研究不同类型浊积岩的沉积特征,解剖砂体构型单元,提出相应的建模方法,为寻找浊积岩油藏以及提高油气采收率提供理论依据。论文分析了湖盆浊积岩的形成条件、沉积背景与油气富集规律。依据成因构造将湖相盆地划分为箕状断陷型、坳陷型、前陆型和地堑型四种类型。根据浊积岩的沉积部位、成因以及湖盆类型的不同,将湖盆浊积岩划分为六类:陡坡型浊积岩、缓坡型浊积岩、断阶型浊积岩、断槽型浊积岩、湖底扇、风暴浊积岩。通过对渤海湾盆地的岐口油田、高升油田、绥中油田与松辽盆地的英台油田地质资料的深入研究,从沉积背景、沉积机制、岩性特征、沉积构造、测井相、地震相等方面,详细解剖了陡坡型、缓坡型、断阶型与断槽型浊积岩的沉积特征。细分了各类浊积岩的沉积微相,分析了各微相的岩性组合、沉积序列以及砂体空间形态特征。建立了不同类型浊积岩的沉积模式和演化规律。根据生储盖组合条件,分析了各类浊积岩对油气的控制作用。通过分析绥中、英台、岐口和高升四个油田的浊积砂体几何参数,建立了不同类型浊积岩砂体长度、宽度、面积与最大厚度之间的关系,统计结果显示砂体长宽比从大到小依次为:断槽型、陡坡型、缓坡型、断阶型。针对不同类型浊积岩提出了相应的地质建模方法,依据油田资料,建立了陡坡型、缓坡型、断阶型和断槽型浊积岩的三维地质模型,客观真实地反映出了浊积岩的岩相及孔、渗、饱属性的空间展布特征,对湖盆浊积岩油藏的进一步开发提供了充分的依据。
[Abstract]:The turbidite in lake basin is mostly developed in deep lake and semi-deep lake environment. It is easy to form lithologic oil and gas reservoirs with high reserves, which is the key target of rolling exploration and development in the old oil area in eastern China. However, turbidite is difficult to explore and develop because of its small scale, large change and strong heterogeneity. Therefore, through the genetic classification of turbidite in the lake basin, the sedimentary characteristics of different types of turbidite are deeply studied, the structural units of sand body are dissected, and the corresponding modeling method is put forward, which provides a theoretical basis for finding turbidite reservoirs and improving oil and gas recovery. The forming conditions, sedimentary background and hydrocarbon enrichment of turbidite in lake basin are analyzed in this paper. The lacustrine basin is divided into four types according to the genetic structure: dustpan type, depression type, Foreland type and graben type. According to the sedimentary position, origin and type of lake basin, the turbidite of lake basin is divided into six types: steep slope turbidite, gentle slope turbidite, fault terrace turbidite, fault trough turbidite, sublacustrine fan and storm turbidite. Through the in-depth study of geological data of Qikou, Gaosheng, Suizhong and Yingtai oil fields in Bohai Bay Basin, sedimentary mechanism, lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, logging facies, and earthquake are analyzed in terms of sedimentary background, sedimentary mechanism, lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, well logging facies, and earthquake. The sedimentary characteristics of steep slope type, gentle slope type, fault terrace type and fault trough type turbidite are dissected in detail. The sedimentary microfacies of various types of turbidite are subdivided, and the lithologic assemblages, sedimentary sequences and spatial morphological characteristics of sand bodies are analyzed. The sedimentary model and evolution of different types of turbidite are established. The controlling effect of turbidite on oil and gas is analyzed according to the condition of reservoir-cap assemblage. By analyzing the geometric parameters of turbidite sand bodies in Suizhong, Yingtai, Qikou and Gaosheng oilfields, the relationships between the length, width, area and maximum thickness of different types of turbidite sand bodies are established. The statistical results show that the ratio of length to width of sand body from big to small is as follows: fault trough type, steep slope type, gentle slope type, broken stage type. The corresponding geological modeling method for different types of turbidite is put forward. According to the data of oilfield, the 3D geological models of steep slope type, gentle slope type, fault stage type and fault trough type turbidite are established, which objectively and truly reflect the lithofacies and pore of turbidite. The spatial distribution characteristics of permeation and saturation properties provide sufficient basis for further development of turbidite reservoirs in the lake basin.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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